Petter Kolm, PhD and Gordon Ritter, PhD, join Lotta Moberg, PhD, for a conversation on quantitative models, risk, and financial decision‑making. The discussion examines how models are constructed and evaluated, the assumptions that underpin them, and the trade‑offs involved when applying theory to real‑world financial problems. Kolm and Ritter share perspectives on model risk, uncertainty, and the role of judgment alongside data, offering insights relevant to both researchers and practitioners working at the intersection of finance and analytics.

Philip Clements, CFA, Alfonso Ricciardelli, CFA, Matthieu LeBret and Simon Beckman join Will Goodhart (CFA Institute Research Foundation Board of Trustees), to discuss their recent brief on infrastructure debt and its growing role in institutional portfolios. The conversation explores how infrastructure debt has evolved from a niche allocation into a core component of alternative credit, shaped by the energy transition, government funding needs, and limits on bank balance sheets. The guests examine risk characteristics across the asset class, including construction risk, technology change, political uncertainty, and interest‑rate regimes, as well as how infrastructure debt fits alongside equity, private credit, and real assets. The discussion also covers renewable energy, data centers, and why infrastructure is increasingly central to long‑term investment strategy.

Laurence B. Siegel hosts a conversation with Seda Peksevim, PhD, Founder & Managing Director of Pensión Research & Consulting and Lecturer at Sabancı University, on how pension systems must be designed differently in emerging market economies.

Dr. Peksevim explains why retirement outcomes are shaped by three interconnected challenges: behavioral biases that limit saving, unstable and risky labor income, and heightened financial market volatility. She discusses the critical role of automatic enrollment, default options, and lifecycle fund design—and why importing pension models from developed markets without adjustment can produce poor results.

The discussion also explores multipillar pension systems, behavioral and technological tools to improve participation, micro‑pension innovations, and the complexities of both accumulation and decumulation under uncertainty. The central takeaway: effective pension systems must be context‑specific, behaviorally informed, and aligned with local economic realities.