Résultats pour "Moral" dans Sciences exactes

Are men literally born to cheat? Does monogamy actually serve women's interests? These are among the questions that have made The Moral Animal one of the most provocative science books in recent years. Wright unveils the genetic strategies behind everything from our sexual preferences to our office politics - as well as their implications for our moral codes and public policies.

Sam Harris has discovered that most people, from secular scientists to religious fundamentalists, agree on one point: science has nothing to say on the subject of human values. Indeed, science's failure to address questions of meaning and morality has become the primary justification for...

A pathbreaking neuroscientist reveals how our social instincts turn Me into Us, but turn Us against Them - and what we can do about it. The great dilemma of our shrinking world is simple: never before have those we disagree with been so present in our lives. The more globalization dissolves national borders, the more clearly we see that human beings are deeply divided on moral lines - about everything from tax codes to sexual practices to energy consumption - and that, when we really disagree, our emotions turn positively tribal.

Today, human exceptionalism is the norm. Despite occasional nods to animal welfare, we prioritize humanity, often neglecting the welfare of a vast number of beings. As a result, we use hundreds of billions of vertebrates and trillions of invertebrates every year for a variety of purposes. We also plan to use animals, AI systems, and other nonhumans at even higher levels in the future. Yet as the dominant species, humanity has a responsibility to ask: Which nonhumans matter, how much do they matter, and what do we owe them in a world reshaped by human activity and technology?

In this highly original book, Russell Blackford discusses the intersection of science fiction and humanity’s moral imagination. With the rise of science and technology in the 19th century, and our continually improving understanding of the cosmos, writers and thinkers soon began to imagine futures greatly different from the present. Science fiction was born out of the realization that future techno-scientific advances could dramatically change the world.

The Moral Powers: A Study of Human Nature is a philosophical investigation of the moral potentialities and sensibilities of human beings, of the meaning of human life, and of the place of death in life. It is an essay in philosophical anthropology: the study of the conceptual framework in terms of which we think about, speak about, and investigate homo sapiens as a social and cultural animal. This volume examines the diversity of values in human life and the place of moral value within the varieties of values.  

We are living in the most moral period of our species’ history. Best-selling author Michael Shermer’s most accomplished and ambitious book to date demonstrates how the scientific way of thinking has made people, and society as a whole, more moral. Ever since the Age of Reason and the Enlightenment thinkers consciously applied the methods of science to solve social and moral problems.

Moral Ground brings together the testimony of over eighty visionaries, theologians and religious leaders, scientists, elected officials, business leaders, naturalists, activists, and writers to present a diverse and compelling call to honor our individual and collective moral responsibility to our planet. In the face of environmental degradation and global climate change, scientific knowledge alone does not tell us what we ought to do.

Wild elephants walking along a trail stop and spontaneously try to protect and assist a weak and dying fellow elephant. Laboratory rats, finding other rats caged nearby in distressing circumstances, proceed to rescue them. A chimpanzee in a zoo loses his own life trying to save an unrelated infant who has fallen into a watery moat.

When Moral Politics was first published two decades ago, it redefined how Americans think and talk about politics through the lens of cognitive political psychology. Today, George Lakoff's classic text has become all the more relevant, as liberals and conservatives have come to hold even more vigorously opposed views of the world, with the underlying assumptions of their respective worldviews at the level of basic morality.

Brought to you by Penguin. A reassuring and thought-provoking guide to all the big questions about AI and ethics Should robots ever be considered free? Will computers transcend human intelligence? And what can we do to make sure AI is safe? The artificial intelligence revolution has begun. Today...

New York Times bestselling author Sam Harris’s first book, The End of Faith, ignited a worldwide debate about the validity of religion. In the aftermath, Harris discovered that most people—from religious fundamentalists to non-believing scientists—agree on one point: science has nothing to...

From eye-witness accounts of elephants apparently mourning the death of family members to an experiment that showed that hungry rhesus monkeys would not take food if doing so gave another monkey an electric shock, there is much evidence of animals displaying what seem to be moral feelings. But despite such suggestive evidence, philosophers steadfastly deny that animals can act morally, and for reasons that virtually everyone has found convincing.

Gli etologi hanno a lungo biasimato le interpretazioni del comportamento animale in termini di emozioni umane, avvertendo che l'antropomorfizzazione limita la nostra capacità di comprendere gli animali nella loro vera natura. Cosa dobbiamo pensare, però, di fronte a una femmina di gorilla che piange per giorni la morte del suo piccolo? O di una femmina di elefante che si prende cura di un'altra più giovane, dopo che questa è stata ferita da un maschio violento? Non sono questi chiari esempi del fatto che gli animali possiedono emozioni riconoscibili e un'intelligenza morale?

In this book, Dewey elaborates the moral principles that play into the field of education. Starting from the role morality plays in the purpose of the school, Dewey asserts his points regarding the moral training that should be given by the school community, particularly from the methods of instruction, the social nature of the course of study, and the psychological aspect of moral education. (Summary by Sanya L.)This show includes AI-generated content.

In different ways the four essays set forth one theme—the moral use to which intelligence might be put, in rendering our admirations and our loyalties at once more sensible and more noble. - Summary by John Erskine

In 1887, Friedrich Nietzsche aimed to delve deeper into the concepts he had only briefly addressed in Beyond Good and Evil, particularly in Aphorism 260, with the release of The Genealogy of Morals. This work is notable for being one of Nietzsches least aphoristic texts, showcasing his exceptional analytical skills. It profoundly examines the ascetic ideal and provides invaluable insights into the ecclesiastical view of those burdened by resentment and misfortune. This exploration enriches our understanding of sacerdotal psychology, making it a crucial contribution to philosophical discourse. ...

In Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals, also known as The Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Immanuel Kant presents his pioneering ideas in moral philosophy. This essential text argues for an a priori foundation of morality, setting the stage for his later work, The Metaphysics of Morals. While the Critique of Pure Reason delves into Kants metaphysical and epistemological theories, this more concise and accessible piece is designed to clarify the concepts and arguments that underpin his ethical framework. Although The Metaphysics of Morals expands on these ideas, it lacks ...

Podcast Godless & MoralExplore morality without God.What remains when we leave religion behind?Godless & Moral is a secular and openly atheist project dedicated to one of the most difficult questions in philosophy: how can we understand morality without appealing to God, divine revelation, or religious authority?If there is no divine lawgiver, what grounds the distinction between good and evil, right and wrong? Can moral obligations be objective? Can reason, human flourishing, suffering, cooperation, virtue, or rationality provide a foundation for morality? Or does abandoning religion ...

Dive into Jeremy Benthams seminal work, Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation, first published in 1789. This foundational text in modern philosophy and jurisprudence explores the principle of utility, emphasizing how morality intersects with legislative practices. Benthams vision was to establish a comprehensive Utilitarian code of law, advocating for actions that promote the greatest good for the greatest number. His philosophy defines good as the maximization of pleasure and minimization of pain, encompassing both physical and spiritual dimensions. Bentham critiques ...