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Trust Revolution

Trust Revolution

De : Shawn Yeager
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Unfiltered conversations with builders, thinkers, and operators in Bitcoin and beyond. Exploring the systems we trust, why they work (or don't), and what comes next.

 Science Sciences sociales
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    • S02E16 Pippellia – Reputation Without a Kill Switch

      S02E16 Pippellia – Reputation Without a Kill Switch
      Dec 18 2025
      “Web of Trust is any network of relationship where trust is distributed and emergent—it's not imposed by someone else.” Pip builds the infrastructure that makes decentralized reputation actually work. While platforms like Twitter sell verification for $8, he's applying Google's PageRank algorithm to Nostr—and giving it away for free. EPISODE SUMMARY Right now, if you want to know whether an account is real or a bot, you're trusting Twitter or Meta to tell you. That model is failing—platforms can't stop spam, won't stop scams that pay for ads, and increasingly demand full KYC just to participate. Pip is building the alternative: Vertex, a Web of Trust service that computes reputation scores across Nostr's social graph. Instead of a company database deciding who you are, your reputation emerges from the people who actually know you. The technology uses PageRank-style algorithms to surface trustworthy accounts and filter out impersonators—without any central authority making those calls. For builders, this means spam protection and personalized recommendations without reinventing the wheel. For individuals, it means your identity and audience become portable—no platform can erase you because no platform owns you. Pip made Vertex free because Nostr needs adoption more than he needs revenue, a bet that infrastructure must reach critical mass before it can sustain itself. ABOUT THE GUEST Pip (Pippellia) is the co-founder of Vertex, a Web of Trust service for Nostr developers. He builds the infrastructure layer that helps decentralized apps solve their hardest problem: figuring out who to trust when there's no central authority. Vertex uses PageRank-style algorithms to compute reputation scores, enabling spam filtering, personalized recommendations, and impersonation protection. He received an OpenSats grant in 2025 and made Vertex free to drive adoption, prioritizing network growth over immediate revenue. X/Twitter: https://twitter.com/pippelliaNostr: https://primal.net/p/nprofile1qqs0dqlgwq6l0t20gnstnr8mm9fhu9j9t2fv6wxwl3xtx8dh24l4auswr6u0jGitHub: https://github.com/pippellia-btc KEY QUOTES “Web of Trust is any network of relationship where trust is distributed and emergent. It emerges organically from interaction and connections—it's not imposed by someone else.” — Pip “Reputation is not a value, but it depends on the point of view. For me, your reputation is quite high because I follow you directly.” — Pip “Whatever you build, even if it's small, your audience on Nostr is gonna be yours forever—unless obviously you screw it up and people decide to leave you.” — Pip KEY TAKEAWAYS Centralized verification is broken by design: Platforms profit from bots inflating user counts and scammers paying for ads. Meta reportedly requires special permission to remove spammers whose ad budgets exceed certain thresholds—spam prevention conflicts with revenue.Your reputation should travel with you: On Nostr, if one app bans you, your identity and followers remain intact across every other client. Getting banned everywhere would require the entire network to decide you're toxic—a far higher bar than one company's content team.Web of Trust solves the cold start problem for builders: Instead of building authentication systems, spam filters, and recommendation engines from scratch, developers can plug into existing reputation infrastructure and inherit the social graph's accumulated trust signals.Personalized trust beats global authority: Different people can have different views on who's trustworthy. Vertex lets you borrow someone else's perspective—your technically-savvy friend's judgment on which app developers to trust, for example—without surrendering control to a platform. TIMESTAMPS [00:44] What Vertex is and the problem it solves [03:23] Why centralized trust verification is failing—the Twitter/X model [05:11] Pip's definition of Web of Trust: distributed and emergent trust [06:49] Why PGP's web of trust failed after 30 years [10:32] How Twitter's paid verification made identity meaningless [14:19] Meta's perverse incentives—when scammers pay more than spam costs [18:42] The primitives needed for healthy online discourse [21:26] Why reputation depends on point of view, not absolute values [27:13] How Nostr makes your audience portable and permanent [29:36] Can Web of Trust be weaponized? The exclusion question [34:52] Vertex's business model: freemium credits based on reputation [39:49] Why app store review models are going obsolete [41:57] Zapstore: using Web of Trust to verify app developers [49:00] What traditional developers get wrong about decentralized identity [55:21] What's next: explicit content detection and filtering [1:00:46] Personalized recommendations and onboarding without surveillance RESOURCES & LINKS Mentioned in Episode: Vertex - Web of Trust as a Service for Nostrnpub.world - Nostr profile search engine powered by Vertex for accurate discovery and ...
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      1 h et 9 min
    • S02E15 Christian Keroles – What Dissidents Know About Bitcoin

      S02E15 Christian Keroles – What Dissidents Know About Bitcoin
      Dec 12 2025

      “It's not enough for me to be taken care of if everyone else on the planet is living in a digital gulag.” CK explains why HRF treats Bitcoin as essential infrastructure for human rights—and why dictators keep failing to build alternatives that work.

      Episode Summary

      One billion people live in democracies with stable currency and property rights. Seven billion don't. Christian Keroles, Director of Financial Freedom at the Human Rights Foundation, argues that Bitcoin flips this equation—giving everyone access to the best property rights and most stable money regardless of where they're born. In this conversation, CK breaks down why authoritarian regimes are the most enthusiastic about CBDCs yet consistently fail to achieve adoption. Why activists from Russia to Myanmar to Venezuela are choosing Bitcoin as their financial infrastructure, and what HRF has learned funding nearly 300 open-source Bitcoin projects. The pattern is clear: governments build intranets while Bitcoin builds the internet of money. And just like email in the 90s, the protocol works—we're just waiting for everyone to get an address.

      About the Guest

      Christian Keroles (CK) is Director of Financial Freedom at the Human Rights Foundation, where he leads the CBDC Tracker, Bitcoin Development Fund, and activist education programs. Before HRF, he spent years as Managing Director and COO at Bitcoin Magazine and the Bitcoin Conference, building the infrastructure that shaped Bitcoin's public narrative. His team has distributed millions in grants to open-source developers and trained over 300 activists from 50+ countries on Bitcoin self-custody. CK discovered Bitcoin in 2017 through Laura Shin's Unchained podcast and hasn't stopped building since.

      Social Links:

      • X/Twitter: https://twitter.com/ck_SNARKs
      • LinkedIn: https://linkedin.com/in/ckeroles
      • Nostr: https://primal.net/ck

      Key Quotes

      • “If you are opposing the guys in charge, you're not going to have access for very long.” — Christian Keroles
      • “Bitcoin is freedom enabling technology. Bitcoin is bad for dictators, and Bitcoin aligns with Western liberal values.” — Christian Keroles
      • “Rather than exporting troops, rather than exporting inflation, the way that we do that is we export freedom technology.” — Christian Keroles

      Key Takeaways

      • CBDCs are the intranet of money: Dictatorships are most excited about CBDCs because they enable capital controls, population surveillance, and data collection on unbanked citizens—but they consistently fail at consumer adoption because governments are terrible at shipping tech products.
      • Debanked means playing whack-a-mole: Activists under authoritarian regimes describe constant account closures, using aliases, and moving between platforms. Bitcoin gives them permissionless access to digital payments for the first time—reconnecting them to the global economy.
      • Bitcoin adoption follows the email playbook: The protocol works perfectly for sending value anywhere. The bottleneck is that nobody has a Bitcoin address yet. As more people come online, network effects compound—and HRF is funding the tools to accelerate that adoption.
      • eCash, Nostr, and open-source AI are the frontier: HRF sees these technologies as complementary layers that make Bitcoin more adoptable. eCash enables jurisdictional arbitrage for product builders; Nostr creates censorship-resistant social infrastructure; open-source AI focuses on practical threats from surveillance systems rather than theoretical superintelligence.

      Mentioned in Episode:

      • HRF CBDC Tracker - Monitoring government digital currency programs worldwide
      • Zeus Wallet - Lightning and eCash wallet CK uses personally
      • Bitcoin Design Foundation - User research for Bitcoin builders
      • Check Your Financial Privilege - Alex Gladstein's book on Bitcoin and human rights

      Podcast:

      • Subscribe: https://podcast.trustrevolution.co
      • Music: More Ghost Than Man
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      55 min
    • S02E14 Why Ads Keep Winning

      S02E14 Why Ads Keep Winning
      Dec 5 2025

      Big Tech captures $670 a year from the average American through attention and data. Voluntary payment has never broken past 5% adoption in 50 years of trying. So why does it still matter? Because it's not about replacing ads. It's about having somewhere to go when the platforms decide you shouldn't exist.

      Episode Summary

      Voluntary payment sounds like the answer to surveillance capitalism. Pay creators directly, cut out the middlemen, become the customer instead of the product. The philosophy is compelling. The data is brutal. NPR, Wikipedia, Patreon, Nostr — participation rates cluster between 1-5% and haven't budged in decades. Technology isn't the problem. Human behavior is. When given a choice, most people choose free with ads over paying directly. But this episode reframes the entire question. Voluntary payment doesn't need to replace extraction economics. It needs to exist as an exit. When Patreon banned Sargon of Akkad in 2018, thousands of creators watched their income evaporate. When they fled to SubscribeStar, Stripe and PayPal cut that platform off too. OnlyFans nearly killed its own business model because banks demanded it. Operation Choke Point proved the government can strangle legal businesses through financial pressure alone. The 5% who voluntarily pay aren't your main revenue stream. They're your lifeboat — an uncancellable base that doesn't depend on any platform's good graces.

      Key Quotes

      "Your ad revenue pays the bills. Your voluntary supporters are your insurance policy."

      "Stop thinking about voluntary payment as charity. Think about it as investing in creators you can't afford to lose."

      "Voluntary payment can't dominate. Defaults always beat choice. Human nature doesn't really change. But it can exist at a scale that makes it viable."

      Key Takeaways

      • The 1-5% ceiling is structural, not technological: Patreon's conversion rate hasn't grown in a decade despite easier payments and lower friction. Better UX won't solve a values gap between early adopters and typical users.
      • Defaults beat decisions: Apple's tracking transparency saw a 55-point swing from a single design change. People don't choose surveillance — they just don't reject it. Same with payment. The path forward may be changing defaults, not convincing more people to pay.
      • Voluntary payment is deplatforming insurance: When Patreon, PayPal, or your bank decides you're too risky, most creators have no backup. Those who built direct relationships with even 5% of their audience have an escape route.
      • The hybrid model works: Chapo Trap House ($140K/month Patreon plus sponsors), Tim Dillon ($200K/month Patreon plus ads) — successful creators aren't choosing between models, they're using both.

      Timestamps

      • [00:43] The promise of value for value — paying creators instead of being monetized
      • [02:15] The $670 Big Tech extracts annually from the average American
      • [04:30] Evidence voluntary payment can work: Patreon success stories and Apple's tracking data
      • [07:45] The counterevidence: YouTube Premium at 9%, Netflix ads at 55% of signups
      • [10:20] Nostr's payment participation — 0.5% despite frictionless Bitcoin integration
      • [14:30] Historical data: NPR, Wikipedia, pay-what-you-want restaurants all hit the same ceiling
      • [17:00] Why defaults determine behavior more than decisions
      • [18:45] The exit option reframe — why voluntary payment still matters
      • [20:30] The Patreon/Sargon cascade and SubscribeStar deplatforming
      • [23:00] Operation Choke Point and financial censorship
      • [25:30] How successful creators actually operate: the hybrid model
      • [28:00] What this means for creators, listeners, and builders

      Mentioned in Episode

      • Fountain - Podcasting 2.0 app with Bitcoin Lightning payments
      • Nostr - Censorship-resistant social protocol with built-in payments
      • Patreon - Creator subscription platform
      • OpenSats - Open source Bitcoin and freedom tech funding

      Podcast

      • Subscribe: https://podcast.trustrevolution.co
      • Music: More Ghost Than Man
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      24 min
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