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Part 1 - Continuing the conversation on manual sketching in practice. Whatever you do in architecture school, you are preparing for a fast-paced industry where deadlines serve financial goals — and where sketching has quietly become an undervalued skill. What gets lost with it is the architect: the intuition, the authorship, the sense of a building made by someone rather than generated by software. Grant Harris of HB Architecture puts it well across two recent pieces. Drawing, he says, is not about presentation. It is a way of thinking, of testing, of discovering relationships before they are fixed.

Then there is Juhani Pallasmaa's The Thinking Hand, which sharpens the point considerably. A mature designer drawing is not looking at the lines — they are occupying the structure those lines represent, touching its surfaces, sensing its materials. That intimacy is what a computer struggles to simulate. It clarified something I used to say to students long before digital tools arrived: you're not a graphic designer, you're an architect. If you are not inside the space while you draw it, you are producing illustration, not architecture. And Glenn Murcutt's line holds the whole thing together: my role is not that of a creator, but of a discoverer.

© 2026 Talk Architecture, Author: Naziaty Mohd Yaacob. Image: Still from Aminuddin Zakaria's Instagram.

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Principals aren't encouraging young architects to sketch any more. What firms hire for is Revit proficiency; sketching has been demoted to a personal plus, useful to the graduate but not asked for by the organisation. So I put the question to a former student of mine, Aminuddin Zakaria — a design architect and BIM lead working on civic and institutional projects at Arkiskape Sdn Bhd — and his answer was blunt. He sees very few graduates sketching in practice, and even experienced architects skipping straight to production. That, he says, is how we end up with such generic architecture, always justified by time and cost.

His own view is the opposite: he still sketches, right through to construction stage, because it explains faster, goes deeper and solves problems quicker than any software. CAD and Revit are tools for contract documentation. Anyone designing at concept stage without sketches ends up slow, rigid, and with no authentic intent. AI belongs in the workflow — it automates, simulates, frees up time to experiment — but it shouldn't replace this stage. We aren't using the tool we were given. And a rigid solution makes for a stilted conversation: with engineers, with fabricators, with anyone you need to work a joint out with in a room.

© 2026 Talk Architecture, Author: Naziaty Mohd Yaacob. Image: Still from Aminuddin Zakaria's Instagram.

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Remember the second-year student whose lecturers kept saying "I don't like your plan, change it"? They said: in second year we studied the masters, understood the philosophy of their buildings, and applied it to our projects — borrowing viewpoints. But we can't always borrow other people's viewpoints. Copy and paste design. So how do we build a strong foundation of our own viewpoint, and our own critical thinking, through the design studio years?

The student also asked about critical thinking. Here is where it actually lives: in the act of massaging a plan. It is an art. You need the skill to imagine the space from your plan — proportion, scale — and when you start massaging it, you see: this doesn't work. The relationship between this space and that space doesn't work. And you keep building, layer on layer of corrections.

One part is the "aesthetics system" where you can refer to precedents of how architects approach with their use of materials and construction, and how that influences vice-versa the space, volume and details.

© 2026 Talk Architecture, Author: Naziaty Mohd Yaacob.

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Do subscribe for premium content and special features which will help to support and sustain Talk Architecture podcast on a more in-depth explanation on design thesis and processes. These special commentaries and ‘how to’ explanations are valuable insights and knowledge not found elsewhere!