How does geography shape regional integration in South America? And what happens when shared rivers, aquifers, and environmental systems cut across the neat boundaries of nation-states?

🎙️ In the first part of a two-part conversation, Dr. Ivo Ganchev speaks with Dr. Luis Paulo Batista da Silva (UFF), a geographer specializing in transboundary water governance, hydro-politics, and climate governance, to explore:

· Why geography offers a distinct lens on regional integration, especially through territory, border regions, and material interdependence

· What transboundary water governance means in practice, and why it matters so much in South America

· The strategic importance of the Amazon River Basin, the La Plata Basin, and the Guarani Aquifer System

· The successes and limits of treaties and institutions designed to govern shared water resources

· Why implementing agreements is often far harder than signing them

· How governance operates across multiple levels, from local stakeholders and subnational actors to national governments and regional organizations

· The emerging significance of “flying rivers” and why atmospheric water flows may become a bigger part of regional debate

· How power asymmetries shape hydro-diplomacy, especially in negotiations involving Brazil and smaller neighbours

· What the Itaipu Dam reveals about bargaining power, treaty renegotiation, and the unresolved politics of shared infrastructure

· Whether Brazil sees water governance as a real strategic priority, and how this connects to broader questions of regional leadership

🎧 New Regional Orders is the official podcast of the Centre for Regional Integration, hosted by Dr. Ivo Ganchev. Each season focuses on a different world region, unpacking the political, economic, social, and geographic factors that drive regional change.

🔗 Learn More:

Centre for Regional Integration: https://regionalintegration.org

Dr. Ivo Ganchev: https://ivoganchev.com

Dr. Luis Paulo Batista da Silva (Google Scholar): https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=bo13geYAAAAJ&hl=en

Dr. Luis Paulo Batista da Silva’s Bio: https://bv.fapesp.br/pt/pesquisador/699379/luis-paulo-batista-da-silva/

What does regional integration look like when it actually works, quietly, through courts, shared rules, and constant dispute management? And how do trade negotiations, bureaucracy, and AI-driven authorship challenges reshape the legal foundations of integration in Latin America?

🎙️ Dr. Ivo Ganchev speaks with Álvaro Gutiérrez Bendezú, a leading Peruvian lawyer specializing in Intellectual Property, Life Sciences, and International Trade, and a former official at the General Secretariat of the Andean Community (CAN),

This episode is in Spanish.

¿Cómo se ve la integración regional cuando sí funciona—de manera silenciosa, a través de tribunales, normas comunes y gestión constante de disputas? ¿Y cómo se cruzan hoy la negociación comercial, la burocracia y los desafíos de autoría en la era de la IA con los cimientos jurídicos de la integración en América Latina?

🎙️ El Dr. Ivo Ganchev conversa con Álvaro Gutiérrez Bendezú, abogado peruano destacado especializado en propiedad intelectual, ciencias de la vida y comercio internacional, y ex funcionario de la Secretaría General de la Comunidad Andina (CAN), sobre:

· Los “años dorados” del sistema andino: por qué el litigio y el conflicto pueden ser señales de vitalidad institucional

· Por qué la CAN resiste cuando otras iniciativas regionales se debilitan: el poder de las normas comunes, los tribunales y una gobernanza “low profile”

· Negociar en bloque vs negociar país por país: cuándo conviene, cuándo falla y por qué la flexibilidad suele superar el dogma

· El “bowl de fideo” de marcos comerciales del Perú (TLCs, APEC, Alianza del Pacífico, ALADI) y lo que revela sobre estrategia y fragmentación

· Lecciones desde dentro de las negociaciones del capítulo de PI de Perú con Estados Unidos, la Unión Europea y el ALCA

· El futuro del libre comercio bajo los giros de la política comercial estadounidense—y por qué las instituciones, no los presidentes, sostienen la gobernanza comercial

· Propiedad intelectual en la era de la IA: autoría, originalidad y qué ocurre cuando “ChatGPT puede escribir el libro”

· Una lección práctica de gobernanza para la región: transparencia, tecnología y reglas claras

· Lo que aprenden rápido las empresas extranjeras en América Latina: burocracia, predictibilidad y por qué “en el sector público la hora tiene 600 minutos”

🔗 Más información:

• The Centre for Regional Integration: https://regionalintegration.org

• Dr. Ivo Ganchev: https://ivoganchev.com

• Alvaro Gutiérrez Bendezú: https://intrinsecus.pe/alvaro-gutierrez/

How does a regional organization function in practice when legal deadlines collide with political realities? And why does Latin America keep producing overlapping trade blocs, without converging into one unified project?

🎙️ Dr. Ivo Ganchev speaks with Dr. Humberto Zuñiga Schroder (Universidad del Pacífico, Lima), an international trade lawyer and former official in the Legal Service of the General Secretariat of the Andean Community (CAN), to explore:

· What it’s like working inside the Andean Community: procedures, negotiation space, and real-world constraints

· How theory differs from practice—and how practitioner experience changes how we understand compliance and disputes

· CAN’s resilience, key achievements, and the hard question of how to measure success

· Institutional design and reform debates, including the limits of the Andean Parliament

· Legal and institutional borrowing from Europe: when it does and doesn’t translate

· Free movement, security concerns, and why judicial cooperation in criminal matters remains underdeveloped

· Trade integration across Latin America: why there are so many blocs, and why “convergence” is so difficult

· CAN–MERCOSUR relations, Bolivia’s position, and the prospects (or limits) of deeper bloc-to-bloc integration

· The WTO’s dispute-settlement crisis, alternative pathways (including interim appeal arbitration), and what this means for the region

· How U.S. tariff politics and China’s economic weight shape trade dynamics—without necessarily transforming regionalism

🎧 New Regional Orders is the official podcast of the Centre for Regional Integration, hosted by Dr. Ivo Ganchev. Each season focuses on a different world region, unpacking the political, economic, social, and geographic factors that drive regional change.

🔗 Learn More:

Centre for Regional Integration: https://regionalintegration.org

Dr. Ivo Ganchev: https://ivoganchev.com

Dr. Humberto Zuñiga Schroder: https://faculty.up.edu.pe/en/persons/humberto-angel-zuñiga-schroder/