“Thanks very much for several dozen pages of legally void correspondence. It will make excellent bedding for my pet hamster.”

That’s how Preston Byrne, the lawyer representing 4chan, responded to Britain’s internet regulator, Ofcom.

The dispute began after Ofcom targeted 4chan under the UK’s Online Safety Act. The regulator ultimately imposed £520,000 in additional penalties in March 2026, following an earlier £20,000 fine. Preston says the enforcement correspondence also threatened penalties of up to £18 million and potential imprisonment — against an American internet company with no presence, operations, or infrastructure outside the United States.

4chan and Kiwi Farms took Ofcom to U.S. federal court. On September 15, 2026, the case was dismissed on sovereign-immunity grounds because the court found it lacked jurisdiction. The ruling did not decide the underlying constitutional dispute over whether Ofcom’s orders could ultimately be enforced against protected activity in the United States.

In this episode of Endgame, Amanda Cassatt and Preston Byrne unpack what the UK’s Online Safety Act would require platforms like 4chan to change, why U.S. and British free-speech law diverge so sharply, and what happens when a foreign regulator claims authority over an American website.

They also discuss Brexit and tech regulation, why Preston tells founders to think carefully about where they build AI, crypto, and internet companies, and the GRANITE Act legislation introduced in the U.S. House aimed at limiting the domestic enforcement of foreign censorship orders.

The bigger question: can an open internet survive when governments around the world increasingly claim jurisdiction over what happens online?

Timestamps

00:00 Why Preston Byrne Represents 4chan

02:44 The UK Online Safety Act and Ofcom

06:11 Can UK Rules Reach U.S. Websites?

10:44 Why Preston Replied With a Hamster

15:33 What Happened in 4chan vs. Ofcom?

19:35 How U.S. Companies Respond to Ofcom

21:58 What Ofcom Wanted 4chan to Change

26:22 Free Speech in the U.S. vs. UK

31:19 Is There a Case for the UK Approach?

34:02 Why the Fight Became Personal

36:32 Is Preston Byrne a Free Speech Absolutist?

38:48 Who Tries to Control Online Speech?

43:42 Brexit, Europe and Tech Regulation

47:44 Where Should Tech Founders Build?

48:56 The GRANITE Foreign-Speech Shield

55:50 Can the Open Internet Survive?

🌐 Follow Preston

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https://www.linkedin.com/in/prestonjbyrne

#4chan #Ofcom #OnlineSafetyAct #OpenInternet #FreeSpeech #InternetLaw #TechPolicy #FirstAmendment #AI #Crypto #PrestonByrne #Endgame

Malcolm and Simone Collins became known as prominent voices in the pronatalist movement. But today, much of their work is focused on a different question: what happens to humans, culture, education, and future generations as artificial intelligence transforms society?

In this episode of Endgame, Amanda Cassatt sits down with Malcolm and Simone to explore how AI is reshaping internet culture, why they believe the next major culture war is forming around artificial intelligence, and what it means to raise children in a world where machines may outperform humans at increasingly general tasks.

They discuss how they are preparing their own children for a post-AI economy, why specialization may become more valuable than being a generalist, and whether humans will remain economically necessary as AI agents become more capable.

The conversation also explores the evolution of internet subcultures, the rise of AI-generated media, effective altruism and “stellar humanism,” genetic technology, pronatalism, demographic decline, and the question at the center of it all: what kind of people and what kind of civilization will thrive in the future?

Malcolm and Simone also discuss their work with rfab.ai and how they think AI tools can expand individual creative and technological capabilities.

Timestamps

00:10 — Introduction

04:46 — From Tech and VC to Pronatalism

09:04 — Genetic Screening and the Origins of Their Movement

12:55 — How Internet Media Creates Celebrity

15:30 — Why Pronatalism Went Mainstream

20:10 — How Internet Subcultures Become Mainstream Culture

25:30 — Is AI the Next Culture War?

28:21 — Could AI Art Become Bigger Than Memes?

32:26 — Effective Altruism vs. Stellar Humanism

39:06 — Are Humans Being Replaced by AI?

43:24 — What Happens When Humans Lose Their Economic Advantage?

45:23 — Raising Children in the Age of AI

50:01 — Teaching Kids How to Use Technology Safely

52:29 — Should AI Uncertainty Change the Decision to Have Kids?

57:16 — Can Pronatalism Reverse Falling Birth Rates?

58:42 — Building Culture for a Post-AI Future

1:02:57 — Their Alternative to Modern Dating

1:03:00 — Building rfab.ai and an AI-Native Community

Stay Connected

https://x.com/amandacassatt

https://x.com/serotonin_hq

Apple Podcasts & Spotify

https://open.spotify.com/show/6iSvbKOJWoEPiAoGmiulkd

https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/endgame-with-amanda-cassatt/id1801809440

Follow Simone & Malcolm Collins

https://www.instagram.com/simonehcollins/?hl=en

Santiago R. Santos of Inversion was investing in DeFi before “DeFi” was even a widely used term. As a former partner at ParaFi and an early investor in projects including Aave, Arbitrum, and Polymarket, he watched Ethereum evolve from an experimental smart contract platform into the foundation of a massive onchain economy. But the growth of crypto has also changed his investment thesis.

In this episode of Endgame, Amanda Cassatt and Santiago R. Santos examine whether Ethereum can succeed while ETH captures less of the value created on top of it, why he expresses his long-term Ethereum thesis through Robinhood stock, and why he believes crypto is increasingly becoming a distribution race. They also explore what Santiago learned from betting on Western Union over Solana, why adding stablecoins to legacy businesses is harder than it looks, whether AI agents actually need crypto-native money, and how autonomous agents could choose between blockchains without the tribal loyalties humans bring to crypto. Finally, they discuss the evolution of prediction markets, why Santiago believes market integrity matters as platforms like Polymarket grow, and how prediction markets and 24/7 crypto markets could evolve beyond speculation into tools for insurance, hedging, and real-time risk management.

Timestamps

00:00 - Can Ethereum Win While ETH Loses?

00:36 - Investing in Aave Before DeFi Summer

05:06 - What Changed Santi’s Ethereum Thesis

10:30 - Can Ethereum Win While ETH Loses?

11:40 - Hyperliquid vs. Ethereum

13:44 - Is ETH Properly Valued Today?

18:16 - Where Crypto Networks Actually Capture Value

21:10 - Why Santiago R. Santos Owns Robinhood Instead of ETH

24:02 - Crypto Is Becoming a Distribution Race

27:37 - Why Santiago R. Santos Bet on Western Union Over Solana

30:30 - Why Adding Crypto to Legacy Businesses Is Hard

35:47 - Do AI Agents Actually Need Stablecoins?

40:42 - How AI Agents Will Choose Blockchains

45:27 - Why 24/7 Crypto Markets Matter

47:59 - AI Agents, Prediction Markets and Insurance

51:26 - Does Polymarket Need Insider Trading Rules?

59:15 - Prediction Markets Beyond Speculation

🎧Stay Connected

https://x.com/amandacassatt

https://x.com/serotonin_hq

Apple Podcasts & Spotify

https://open.spotify.com/show/6iSvbKOJWoEPiAoGmiulkd

https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/endgame-with-amanda-cassatt/id1801809440

Follow Santiago R. Santos

https://x.com/santiagoroel?lang=en

https://mc.linkedin.com/in/santiago-rs