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Answering YUr Shailos

Answering YUr Shailos

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 🔥 Brushing teeth on Shabbos – four primary halachic approaches – Issue is multi-faceted: **Memareiach**, **Sechitah**, **Hachanah**, **Refuah**, **Melabein**, **Uvdin d’chol**, **Chavalah** are all discussed in the literature. – **View 1 – Rav Soloveitchik / Rav Hershel Schachter**: – Permits **normal toothbrushing** on Shabbos with: – Regular toothpaste – Wet toothbrush – Rinsing the toothbrush afterward – Memareiach: Unlike smoothing a surface, brushing does not **grind down/smooth the teeth themselves**, only removes plaque. – Hachanah concern (washing toothbrush “for after Shabbos”): – Rav Schachter said it is **for cleanliness and Shabbos oneg**, not to prepare for after Shabbos (e.g., to avoid spouse being upset at a messy bathroom on Shabbos). – **View 2 – Rav Ovadia Yosef**: – Allows **wet toothbrush** and **regular toothpaste**. – Requires a **designated Shabbos toothbrush** to avoid **Uvdin d’chol** (weekday-like behavior). – Advises **not washing the toothbrush** afterward due to **Hachanah** concerns. – **View 3 – Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach / Rav Elyashiv (Rav Elyashiv Weinberg cited)**: – Forbids **regular toothpaste** due to **Memareiach**. – Allows **liquid toothpaste**. – Not particularly concerned with **Sechitah** when using liquid toothpaste. – **View 4 – Rav Moshe Feinstein** (followed by Rav Willig in practice): – Forbids using **any paste/gel** due to **Memareiach** when the paste is spread over the teeth. – Squeezing toothpaste from the tube is **not the issue**; the issue is smoothing it on the teeth. – Forbids **wetting the toothbrush** before brushing because of **Sechitah**. – Forbids **washing off the toothbrush** afterward because of **Hachanah** (preparation for post-Shabbos use). – Recommended method: – Put **mouthwash** in the mouth. – Use a **dry toothbrush** to brush while the mouthwash is in the mouth. – Avoid turning on **hot water** (Bishul concerns). – Do **not** rinse off the toothbrush after. 💼 Office Mincha with a Gerer chassid who skips Tachanun at Mincha – **Gerer minhag**: Not to say **Tachanun at Mincha** (ever). – If the **minyan location “belongs” to the Gerer** (e.g., his office, or he “owns/runs” the place): – “Ba’al habayis, minhago” – he can set the **minhag of that place**. – Others generally follow that minhag, as with a Sefardi-run minyan factory where **Birkat Kohanim is daily**; Ashkenazi Kohanim participate since the hosts’ minhag governs. – If it is **not his space** and the minyan is more “neutral”: – One person’s private minhag (e.g., a single Gerer) **should not override** the general minhag of the group. – It is appropriate to have others **daven for the amud** so Tachanun is not regularly dropped. – Distinction from Rav Shlomo Zalman: – If a place has a **real minhag not to say Tachanun**, one follows that minhag. – If Tachanun is skipped **simply to shorten davening** with no minhag basis, one should **say Tachanun** anyway. 🕍 Wearing a tallis over the head – who, when, and where in davening – **Source and status of Atifa (covering the head with tallis)**: – Gemara in Kiddushin and Magen Avraham: – **Unmarried men** do **not** do **Atifas haRosh**. – Atifa originally associated with **Talmidei Chachamim / distinguished people**. – Gemara in Berachos: **Kos shel beracha with zimun** requires Atifa. – By **kal vachomer**, **devarim shebikdusha** (which require a minyan) should also have Atifa. – Common practice: – **Shemoneh Esrei** and **Kaddish / Borchu / Kedusha** said with **Atifa** for a married man. – **Krias Shema and Atifa**: – Beis Hillel: **“Kol adam korei kidarko”** – Shema can be recited **in whatever body position you are already in**. – Since one may not insist on a specific **Amidah** (standing) position for Shema, Atifa, which parallels Amidah for devarim shebikdusha, is also **not required**. – Taz and Midrash: Hashem does **not burden** Klal Yisrael to say Shema specifically **standing and with head covered** as would be required for a royal proclamation; **any posture is acceptable**. – **Rav Chaim / Brisker minhag as transmitted by Rav Soloveitchik and Rav Schachter**: – Tallis **over head** (Atifa) for: – **Kaddish** – **Borchu** – **Kedusha** – **Shemoneh Esrei** – Tallis **off the head** for: – **Birchos Krias Shema** – **Krias Shema** itself – Reasons: – Fulfill **“Kol adam korei kidarko”** for Shema....
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