vol.027：The Horse：Engine of Civilization
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vol.027：The Horse：Engine of Civilization
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The source provides an extensive overview of the domestication and widespread utilization of horses across the Eurasian continent, detailing the evolution of scientific understanding regarding their origins. Initially, the Botai site in Kazakhstan was considered the origin of modern domestic horses, but recent DNA analysis identified the Western Eurasian Steppe, specifically the Lower Volga-Don region around 2200 BCE, as the true origin, with Botai horses being the ancestors of Przewalski's horse. The text further explores the immense impact of horses on human civilization, particularly in military strategy, highlighting the development of cavalry tactics by groups like the Scythians and the sophisticated organization of the Mongol Empire's mounted forces. Finally, the sources document the horse's crucial role in transport and logistics, facilitating the expansion of commercial routes like the Silk Road, promoting cultural exchange, establishing efficient postal systems, and significantly advancing agricultural productivity through improved traction technology like the horse collar.