When is an approximation "good enough"? This week on The Mathematicians Podcast, host Benjamin Cornish opens the doors to his gem and fossil shop to discuss why a polished piece of glass, or a clever mathematical shortcut, can sometimes be just as effective as the real thing.

We are shifting our focus toward the sprawling, shifting history of Mesopotamia. Today, we tackle a double bill of Babylonian titans: Nabu-rimanni and Kidinu. Though separated by two centuries and a revolving door of empires (from the Persians to the Greeks), these two temple astronomers foresaw the blossoming of predictive science.

In this episode, we explore:

• The "Feet of Clay" History: A whirlwind tour of Babylon, from the Tower of Babel and Hammurabi’s Code to the rise of the Persians and the lightning conquest of Alexander the Great.

• System A vs. System B: How Nabu-rimanni’s constant velocity model evolved into Kidinu’s sophisticated "zigzag" acceleration system.

• The Two-Second Error: How ancient mathematicians using little more than water clocks calculated the synodic month with a precision that rivals modern satellite data.

• The Babylonian Legacy: Why the Greeks (including Hipparchus) owe their greatest discoveries to the meticulous clay tablets of the East.

Keywords:Babylonian Mathematics, History of Astronomy, Nabu-rimanni, Kidinu, System A and System B, Synodic Month, Ancient Babylon, Cuneiform Tablets, Persian Empire, Seleucid Empire, Mathematical History, Benjamin Cornish, Naburimannu, Kidinnu.

Hashtags:#Mathematics #HistoryOfMaths #Astronomy #AncientBabylon #NabuRimanni #Kidinu #STEMHistory #SciencePodcast #AncientHistory #Babylon #MathsIsBeautiful #TheMathematiciansPodcast #PersianHistory #ScientificDiscovery

Support the Show:If you enjoy the history of the people that count, consider supporting Benjamin via his tips page at https://ko-fi.com/benjamincornish

Connect with us:Follow Benjamin on BlueSky at @mathematicians-pod

The music was- "Danse Macabre - Finale" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Episode 52 of The Mathematicians Podcast, takes us deep into the world of ancient Indian mathematics with a focus on Apastamba and his contributions to the Sulvasutras. Following in the footsteps of Baudhayana, Apastamba codified and clarified Vedic ritual geometry, transforming abstract rules into practical, modular construction techniques. We explore his mathematical approach, the subtle differences between his Sulvasutras and those of Baudhayana, and his work on the Dharma Sutra, which laid out ethical and social laws with remarkable precision.

Keywords & Hashtags: Ancient mathematics, Indian mathematics, Apastamba, Sulvasutras, Vedic mathematics, Baudhayana, Yajurveda, Dharma Sutra, Indian mathematicians, history of mathematics, geometry, Pythagoras, ethics, moral philosophy, Vedic ritual, math history podcast, mathematicians podcast, Benjamin Cornish, mathematicians, educational podcast, maths podcast, Indian history, cultural history, modular constructions, ritual geometry, maths enthusiasts, STEM history, historical maths

#AncientMathematics #IndianMathematics #Apastamba #Sulvasutras #VedicMathematics #Baudhayana #Yajurveda #DharmaSutra #MathsPodcast #HistoryOfMathematics #Geometry #Ethics #MathematicsHistory #BenjaminCornish #MathematiciansPodcast #STEMHistory #MathsEnthusiasts #EducationalPodcast

Support me here: https://ko-fi.com/benjamincornish

The music was- "Danse Macabre - Finale" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

In this episode a journey back to 800 BCE to explore the life and work of Baudhayana, one of the earliest known mathematicians from the Indian tradition.

This episode also offers context on the Vedic tradition, the role of mathematics in ritual practices, and the broader connections between ethical, social, and technical knowledge. We discuss how mathematics was a practical, problem-solving craft in ancient India, designed to be memorized, teachable, and repeatable, an engineering mindset long before modern formalizations. Listeners will gain a rich understanding of the spiritual, cultural, and mathematical landscape in which Baudhayana worked, and why his contributions remain significant today.

Finally, the episode touches on questions of historical credit, colonial narratives in mathematics, and how we name mathematical discoveries, challenging us to reconsider what we think we “know” about the history of ideas.

You can support my work here: https://ko-fi.com/benjamincornish, any tips are most gratefully received.

Keywords: Baudhayana, Sulbasutras, Vedic mathematics, ancient India, Pythagoras’ theorem, history of mathematics, approximations of pi, √2, sacred geometry, mathematical history, applied mathematics, Indian mathematicians, Vedic tradition

Hashtags: #Baudhayana #VedicMathematics #Sulbasutras #AncientIndia #PythagorasTheorem #MathsHistory #SacredGeometry #AppliedMaths #HistoryOfMaths #MathematiciansPodcast

The music was- "Danse Macabre - Finale" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/