Al-Nās or Mankind (Arabic: الناس, romanized: an-nās) is the 114th and last chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an. It is a short six-verse invocation.

۝[1] Say, "I seek refuge in the Lord of mankind,۝ The Sovereign of mankind.۝ The God of mankind,۝ From the evil of the retreating whisperer –۝ Who whispers [evil] into the breasts of mankind –۝ From among the jinn and mankind."[2]

The chapter takes its name from the word "men", "people" or "mankind" (al-nās), which recurs throughout the chapter. This and the preceding chapter, Al-Falaq ("Daybreak"), are known as "the Refuges" (Al-Mu'awwidhatayn): dealing with roughly the same theme, they form a natural pair.

Regarding the timing and contextual background of the believed revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is an earlier "Meccan surah", which indicates a revelation in Mecca rather than Medina. Early Muslims were persecuted in Mecca where Muhammed was not a leader, and not persecuted in Medina, where he was a protected leader.

There is a Sunnah tradition of reading this chapter for the sick or before sleeping.

Al-Falaq or The Daybreak[1] (Arabic: اَلْفَلَق, al-falaq) is the 113th chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an. It is a brief five ayat (verse) surah, asking God for protection from the evil:

۝[2] Say, "I seek refuge in the Lord of daybreak,[3][o 1]۝ From the evil of His creation [p 1]۝ And from the evil of darkness when it settles[q 1]۝ And from the evil of the blowers in knots[5][r 1]۝ And from the evil of an envier when he envies.

Al-Ikhlāṣ (Arabic: الْإِخْلَاص, "Sincerity"), also known as the Declaration of God's Unity[1] and al-Tawhid (Arabic: التوحيد, "Monotheism"),[2] is the 112th chapter (sūrah) of the Quran.

According to George Sale, this chapter is held in particular veneration by Muslims, and declared, by Islamic tradition, to be equal in value to a third part of the whole Quran. It is said to have been revealed during the Quraysh Conflict with Muhammad in answer a challenge over the distinguishing attributes of the GOD, Muhammad invited them to worship.[3]

Al-Ikhlas is not merely the name of this surah but also the title of its contents, for it deals exclusively with Tawhid. The other surahs of the Quran generally have been designated after a word occurring in them, but in this surah the word Ikhlas has occurred nowhere. It has been given this name in view of its meaning and subject matter.

Al-Masad (Arabic: المسد, (meaning: "Twisted Strands" or "The Palm Fiber"[1]) is the 111th chapter (sūrah) of the Quran. It has 5 āyāt or verses and recounts the punishments that Abū Lahab and his wife will suffer in Hell.[1]

۝[2] May the hands of Abu Lahab be ruined, and ruined is he.۝ His wealth will not avail him or that which he gained.[3]۝ He will burn in a Fire of flame [4]۝ and his wife also, bearing wood,۝ having on her neck [5] a rope of twisted strands.[4]

A study on Quranic manuscripts within the Vatican Library noted the titles Lahab (Flame);[6] masad;[7] al-ḥaṭab;[8] and Abī Lahab.[9][10] In the 1730s the chapter title was known as Abu Laheb by translator George Sale.

An-Nasr, (Arabic: النصر, an-naṣr, "Help",[1] or "[Divine] Support" [2]), is the 110th chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an with 3 āyāt or verses.

۝[3] WHEN the assistance of GOD shall come, and the victory;۝ and thou shalt see the people enter into the religion of GOD by troops:۝ celebrate the praise of thy LORD, and ask pardon of him; for he is inclined to forgive.[4]

An-Nasr translates to English as both "the victory" and "the help or assistance". It is the third-shortest surah after Al-Asr and Al-Kawthar by a number of ayat. Surah 112 (al-Ikhlāṣ) actually has fewer words in Arabic than Surah An-Nasr, yet it has four verses.

Al-Kāfirūn[1] (Arabic: الكافرون, "The Unbelievers") is the name of the 109th chapter (sūrah) of the Quran. It has six ayat or verses as follows:

۝[2] Say, "O disbelievers,۝ I do not worship what you worship.۝ Nor are you worshippers of what I worship.۝ Nor will I be a worshipper of what you worship.۝ Nor will you be worshippers of what I worship.۝ For you is your religion, and for me is my religion.

Al-Kawthar (Arabic: الكوثر, "Abundance")[1] is the 108th chapter (sūrah) of the Quran. It is the shortest chapter, consisting of three ayat or verses:

۝[2] We have given thee abundance [3]۝ So pray to your Lord and sacrifice [to Him alone].[4][5]۝ Indeed, your enemy is the one cut off.[6]

There are several different opinions as the timing and contextual background of its supposed revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl). According to Ibn Ishaq, it is an earlier "Meccan surah", which is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, sometime before the Isra and Mi'raj.

Al-Ma'un (Arabic: الماعون, al-māʻūn, "Small Kindnesses, Almsgiving, Acts of Kindness, and Have You Seen") is the 107th chapter (surah) of the Qur'an, with 7 ayat or verses.

۝[1] WHAT thinkest thou of him who denieth the future judgment as a falsehood?۝ It is he who pusheth away the orphan;[u 1]۝ and stirreth not up others to feed the poor.۝ Woe be unto those who pray,۝ and who are negligent at their prayer:۝ who play the hypocrites,۝ and deny necessaries[x 1] to the needy.[2]

Regarding the timing and contextual background of the supposed revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is an earlier "Meccan surah", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, rather than later in Medina.