In episode 42 we see the political history of the Iberian Peninsula in the 920s with the struggles between Christians and Muslims in the north, the end of the fitna of the Emirate and the proclamation of the Caliphate of Córdoba, and the Andalusi advances in the proxy war of the Maghreb between Umayyads and Fatimids.

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Spanish show 'La Historia de España-Memorias Hispánicas': https://www.youtube.com/@lahistoriaespana

TIMESTAMPS:

00:00 Hook
00:25 The Partition of the Banu Qasi Domains
06:24 Power Struggles in León, 924–932
10:00 The Legacy of Sancho I of Pamplona
12:46 The End of the Hafsunid Rebellion
16:01 Abd al-Rahman III of Córdoba Proclaims Himself Caliph
21:33 The End of the Fitna: The Submission of Mérida, Badajoz, and Toledo
24:49 The Battle for the Maghreb: The Andalusi Conquest of Ceuta and Melilla
27:45 The Verdict: What Truly Concerned the Umayyads?
28:48 Outro

Emir Abd al-Rahman III inherited a fragmented kingdom plagued by rebels and in just five years he had already reimposed Umayyad authority over most core provinces of the Emirate of Córdoba. How was this possible? I explain how he ended the fitna, the rise of the Fatimid Caliphate in the Maghreb, and the unpunished offensives of the sons of Alfonso III of Asturias in this episode on the political history of Iberia in the 910s.

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Spanish show 'La Historia de España-Memorias Hispánicas': https://www.youtube.com/@lahistoriaespana

TIMESTAMPS:

00:00 Hook
00:24 The Accession of Abd al-Rahman III
02:41 Who Was Abd al-Rahman III of Córdoba?
05:42 How Was It Possible to End the Fitna of the Emirate?
11:02 The First Reconquest Campaigns of Abd al-Rahman III
16:44 Danger in the Maghreb: The Founding of the Fatimid Caliphate
23:13 The Last Years of Umar ibn Hafsun
26:29 The Reign of the Sons of Alfonso III of Asturias
32:19 The Verdict: Separating the Political Figure from the Personal One
33:16 Outro

In episode 39, I explain the origins of Catalonia, the end of the Carolingian Empire, and the independence of the counties of the Spanish March. We explore figures such as Count Ramon of Ribagorza and Pallars, Sunyer II of Empúries, and Delà of Girona, and Wifred the Hairy himself, a much-mythologized figure. Here, I attempt to separate fact from fiction. I discuss the succession of Wifred the Hairy without the intervention of the Frankish king.

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Spanish show 'La Historia de España-Memorias Hispánicas': https://www.youtube.com/@lahistoriaespana

TIMESTAMPS:

00:00 Hook
00:31 When Was Catalonia Born?
04:07 The End of the Carolingian Empire
08:45 The Last Appointed Counts of the Spanish March
11:40 The lesser-known counts: Delà of Girona and Sunyer II of Empúries
14:42 The Independence of the Counties of Ribagorza and Pallars
17:29 The Ecclesiastical Conflict of Esclua
20:27 Wifred the Hairy: Between Myth and History
25:32 The Deeds of Wifred the Hairy's Rule
29:54 The Hereditary Succession of Wifred the Hairy
34:19 The Verdict: The Gray Scale of Independence and Sovereignty
35:56 Outro

The Kingdom of Asturias greatly expanded its borders under King Alfonso III of Asturias (866-910), nicknamed the Great. Episode 38 covers most aspects of his reign and the final years of his father, Ordoño, including the origins of Castile and Portugal as counties, the society of comital Castile, and the tragic story of the end of Alfonso's reign with the revolt of his sons and the division of the Kingdom of Asturias.

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Spanish show 'La Historia de España-Memorias Hispánicas': https://www.youtube.com/@lahistoriaespana

TIMESTAMPS:

00:00 Hook
00:22 The End of Musa ibn Musa
03:41 The Conditions of Asturian Expansion
06:17 The Birth of the County of Castile
12:24 Settlement and Power in Comital Castile
16:45 Alfonso the Great, King in Asturias
21:03 Expansion on the Western Flank: The Counties of Portugal and Coimbra
24:57 Ibn al-Qitt and the Day of Zamora
29:10 Revolts and Conspiracies. The Division of the Kingdom of Asturias
33:04 The Verdict: Alfonso the Not So Great
34:14 Outro

In episode 37, we explore the political history of the Iberian Peninsula in the 850s, with events such as a major rebellion in Toledo, the expansion of Asturias into León and Astorga under Ordoño I of Asturias, the founding of Madrid, and conflicts with the Banu Qasi and the Vikings. It was a period of significant political change that heralded the civil war that swept through the Emirate of Córdoba shortly afterward.

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Spanish show 'La Historia de España-Memorias Hispánicas': https://www.youtube.com/@lahistoriaespana

TIMESTAMPS:

00:00 Hook
00:27 The rise to the throne of Muhammad I of Córdoba
02:13 The Rebellion of Toledo and the Battle of Guadacelete
09:43 The Asturian Incorporation of León and Astorga
12:54 The Islamic Foundation of Madrid
16:04 Musa ibn Musa, Lord of the Upper March. The Battle of Albelda
22:16 The Vikings Return: The Expedition of 858–860
25:30 The Verdict: Making the Enemy Bigger Than He Really Was
26:27 Outro

In episode 36, we explore the political history of the Kingdom of Asturias under Kings Alfonso II, Nepotian, and Ramiro I. I also discuss the origins of the Jacobean cult and the emergence of Asturian pre-Romanesque art.

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Spanish show 'La Historia de España-Memorias Hispánicas': https://www.youtube.com/@lahistoriaespana

TIMESTAMPS:

00:00 Hook
00:22 Alfonso II of Asturias versus Abd al-Rahman II
06:05 The Origin of the Cult of Saint James
12:12 Ramiro versus Nepotian for the Asturian Throne
15:21 The Reign of Ramiro I of Asturias
18:25 Asturian Pre-Romanesque Art
26:35 The Verdict: The Power of a Lie
27:29 Outro

In episode 35, I talk about the voluntary martyrs of Córdoba, the Jewish convert Bodo, the Black musician Ziryab, the situation of the Abbasid Caliphate from its foundation to the year 861, and how Islamic justice worked.

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Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/new-history-of-spain/id1749528700
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Spotify (video version): https://open.spotify.com/show/2OFZ00DSgMAEle9vngg537
Spanish show 'La Historia de España-Memorias Hispánicas': https://www.youtube.com/@lahistoriaespana

TIMESTAMPS:

00:00 Hook
00:25 The Martyrs of Córdoba
08:35 Bodo, the Deacon who Became a Jew
11:25 Ziryab, the Influencer of Abd al-Rahman II's Court
18:01 The Abbasid Caliphate up to 861
25:03 Maliki Islamic Law and the Ulema
36:04 The Verdict: The Danger of Focusing on Exceptions
37:19 Outro

How did al-Andalus become a country of Arab culture and a Muslim majority? Was there good coexistence between the Muslims, Christians, and Jews of al-Andalus? What legal restrictions were imposed on Christians and Jews? In episode 34, an essential chapter on the history of al-Andalus and medieval Iberia, I answer these and more questions.

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Spotify (video version): https://open.spotify.com/show/2OFZ00DSgMAEle9vngg537
Spanish show 'La Historia de España-Memorias Hispánicas': https://www.youtube.com/@lahistoriaespana

TIMESTAMPS:

00:00 Hook
00:26 Arabization in al-Andalus
05:59 Islamization in al-Andalus
14:01 The Legal Status of the Dhimmis
18:00 Conflict or Coexistence in al-Andalus? Interreligious Relations
29:04 The Verdict: Sexual Domination under Islamic Hegemony
30:45 Outro