Most people don't think about their insurance - until they desperately need it.

In this episode of Insurance Hour, host Karl Susman explains why reviewing your insurance policies at least once a year is essential to protecting your finances and your future. From homeowners and renters insurance to auto coverage and beyond, Karl breaks down where coverage gaps hide, why rebuilding costs continue to rise, and how outdated assumptions can leave you exposed when disaster strikes.

You'll learn:

• Why market value and replacement cost are not the same

• How deductibles and sub-limits affect real-world claims

• Why renters insurance matters even if you "don't own much"

• What's really driving higher auto insurance premiums

• Practical ways to reduce costs without sacrificing protection

This episode is a must-listen for anyone who wants fewer surprises, smarter coverage, and a clearer understanding of how insurance really works - before a claim ever happens.

• Annual Insurance Policy Review: Insurance policies require regular evaluation to ensure adequate coverage as circumstances change over time.
• Homeowner's Insurance: Replacement cost coverage may be insufficient due to rising construction costs and material shortages during catastrophic events.
• Auto Insurance: Premium increases driven by higher vehicle costs, advanced technology in cars, and increased medical treatment expenses.
• Renter's Insurance: Often overlooked but provides crucial liability protection beyond personal property coverage.

• Replacement Cost vs. Market Value: Market value of homes differs significantly from replacement cost, which only increases over time due to construction costs.
• Catastrophic Loss Scenarios: During major disasters affecting thousands of structures, rebuilding costs can increase dramatically due to contractor and material shortages.
• Personal Risk Tolerance: Homeowners must decide their comfort level with risk exposure based on potential loss scenarios.

• Deductible Optimization: Raising deductibles can significantly reduce premiums across all policy types.
• Higher deductibles often pay for themselves within 6-12 months through premium savings.
• Coverage Adjustments:
• Other Structures Coverage: Can often be reduced if not needed.
• Personal Property Limits: May be lowered for those with minimal belongings.
• Loss of Use Coverage: Can be reduced or eliminated if alternative housing is avail ...

In this packed episode, host Karl Susman dives into a full session of listener-submitted insurance questions—covering everything from soaring homeowner premiums to confusing deductible structures, rental exposures, wildfire smoke damage, teen driver rate shock, condo coverage misconceptions, and what really happens when a tree drops onto your roof.

Karl breaks down today's turbulent California insurance market in plain language, explaining why the landscape has shifted so dramatically and what smart policyholders can do to protect themselves. Whether you're buying your first home, renting out a room on Airbnb, dealing with an aging roof, or trying to understand why your renewal jumped 40%, this episode is full of practical guidance, humor, and clarity.

Listeners will learn:

• Why shopping for home insurance is so difficult right now

• How to understand replacement cost vs. market value

• What percentage deductibles actually mean

• How smoke and ash claims really work

• Why short-term rentals require special insurance

• What your HOA covers (and what it absolutely does NOT)

• How subrogation works behind the scenes

• The best ways to manage new-driver auto insurance costs

Supported by the Insurance Consumer Guidance Society (ICGS), this episode empowers Californians to make confident insurance decisions in an increasingly unpredictable market.

Have a question for Karl?
Email questions@insurancehour.com or call/text 559-656-0317.

California's insurance market is in turmoil — and homeowners are feeling the impact. In this episode of Insurance Hour, host Karl Susman unpacks the complex factors driving skyrocketing premiums, shrinking coverage options, and the growing confusion facing consumers across the state.

Karl explains how wildfire severity, water-damage trends, and rapid environmental changes have collided with decades-old regulations like Proposition 103, creating an insurance landscape that many carriers can no longer navigate. He breaks down why major insurers stopped writing new business, why non-admitted companies rushed in with dramatically higher prices, and what the return of competition might look like in the months ahead.

Listeners will also learn practical steps they can take to protect their homes and wallets — from choosing smarter deductibles to strengthening their property against wildfire. And in a crucial final segment, Karl warns about the surge in fraud and scams that emerge after major disasters, offering clear guidance on how to avoid becoming a victim.

Whether you're a homeowner, renter, or simply trying to understand the shifting insurance environment in California, this episode delivers timely, clear, and empowering information to help you make smarter decisions.

Have a question for the show?
Call or text: 559-656-0317
Email: questions@insurancehour.com

Insurance Hour is made possible by the support of the Insurance Consumer Guidance Society. Visit icgs.org to learn more.

The video features Karl Susman hosting "Insurance Hour," where he discusses recent insurance-related legislation in California. He analyzes numerous bills that have been passed or are going into effect, focusing on their impact on insurance premiums and coverage. Sussman expresses frustration with many of the bills, questioning their necessity and effectiveness. He covers legislation related to insurance agent licensing requirements, property insurance, wildfire protection, the California Fair Plan, auto insurance, and workers' compensation. Throughout the show, Sussman emphasizes the importance of understanding insurance policies and mentions that the show is sponsored by the Insurance Consumer Guidance Society (ICGS), a nonprofit organization dedicated to helping consumers understand their insurance policies.

Carl Sussman discusses the 2025 California legislative session, noting that 917 bills reached the governor's desk, with 794 signed and 123 vetoed. He explains that most non-urgency laws will take effect on January 1, 2026, while those with urgency clauses go into effect immediately. Sussman emphasizes the significant impact these approximately 800 new laws will have on California.

Sussman expresses strong disagreement with AB 943, which eliminates the 20-hour pre-licensing requirement for property and casualty insurance licenses. He questions the rationale behind "dumbing down" broker education requirements while maintaining the 12-hour ethics course. Sussman criticizes the shift toward on-the-job training rather than pre-licensing education, suggesting this could lead to problems in the industry.

Sussman discusses AB1, which requires the California Department of Insurance to review "safer from wildfire" home hardening discounts by January 1, 2030, and every five years thereafter. He supports the concept but questions why legislation is needed for what he considers should be standard practice. The bill mandates collaboration between the Department of Insurance and Cal Fire when reviewing mitigation standards for discounts related to roof replacements, vent upgrades, and clearing space around homes.

AB 493, which has an urgency clause making it immediately effective, requires insurance companies to pay a minimum of 2% simple interest on claim payments they hold. Sussman explains this prevents insurers from earning interest on money that should go to policyholders. He gives an example of a $150,000 claim payment held by a bank during home repairs, noting that banks will now have to pay interest on these funds rather than profiting from the "float."

Sussman discusses AB 888, which creates a grant program administered by the California Department of Insurance to help homeowners pay for fire-safe roofs and other wildfire resilience improvements. He supports the program, explaining that it aligns the interests of insurance companies and consumers in preventing losses. The grants will help homeowners afford expensive improvements like roof replacements (costing $20,000-$40,000) that can qualify them for insurance discounts.

Sussman criticizes AB 1339, which directs the California Department of Insurance to study the availability of property, liability, and builders risk insurance for homeowners. He expresses frustration that the government is spending money to study what he considers an already well-known problem. Similarly, he criticizes SB 254, which requires the Department of Insurance to deliver recommendations on wildfire coverage solutions by April 1, 2026, calling it a waste of resources.

Homeownership is one of the cornerstones of the American dream — but it's also one of the biggest financial responsibilities most people will ever take on. Protecting that investment isn't just about having an insurance policy; it's about having the right insurance policy.

As Karl Susman explains on Insurance Hour, many homeowners don't truly understand what their policies cover — or worse, what they don't. A homeowners policy isn't a one-size-fits-all product. It's a legal contract with layers of protection that can mean the difference between recovery and ruin after a disaster.

This guide breaks down the essential components of homeowners insurance — Coverage A through F — so you can make informed choices, avoid costly gaps, and ensure your home and lifestyle are fully protected.

Coverage A is the foundation of your homeowners insurance. It protects the physical structure of your home — the walls, roof, floors, and built-in fixtures like cabinetry and plumbing.

The most important number in your policy is your replacement cost — the amount it would take to rebuild your home after a covered loss, such as a fire. Contrary to popular belief, this number has little to do with your home's market value.

Rebuilding costs fluctuate based on material prices, labor shortages, and local construction demand. For example, after a major wildfire or earthquake, the cost to rebuild skyrockets due to high demand and limited resources. That's why Susman stresses the importance of using accurate cost estimators or professional inspections to determine your replacement value.

A smart policy also includes extended replacement cost coverage, which provides an extra cushion — often 25% to 50% above your insured limit — to cover unexpected cost spikes. Without it, you risk being underinsured just when you need coverage most.

Coverage B protects structures that aren't physically attached to your home, like detached garages, gazebos, sheds, retaining walls, pools, or even elaborate landscaping.

Most policies automatically include coverage for other structures at 10–20% of your dwelling limit. So if your home is insured for $500,000, you may have $50,000 to $100,000 of coverage for other structures.

However, Susman warns that many homeowners overlook this section — and later discover their outdoor features aren't fully protected. If you've invested in a high-end pool, custom stonework, or backyard kitchen, review your policy to ensure those features are properly covered.

Other structures can even include smaller dwellings, such as guest houses or "granny flats," though these may require specialized policies depending on occupancy or rental use.

Personal property coverage pro ...

If you've opened your insurance renewal notice lately and felt a pang of frustration, you're not alone. Across the country, policyholders are watching their premiums rise — sometimes sharply — and wondering: What changed?

As Karl Susman explains in Insurance Hour, premium increases are rarely arbitrary. They reflect a complex web of economic, environmental, and regulatory factors that shape the financial stability of insurance companies. Understanding how and why these rates fluctuate helps consumers make smarter decisions and appreciate the delicate balance insurers maintain between protection and profitability.

Let's explore the real reasons your premiums are going up — and what it means for the future of insurance.

At its foundation, insurance pricing is about risk — not just individual risk, but collective risk. When insurers calculate premiums, they consider not only your personal record or property but also the broader market trends that influence losses across thousands of policyholders.

For instance, if a region experiences an increase in wildfires, hurricanes, or thefts, insurers raise rates to compensate for the higher likelihood of claims. Even if you've never filed a claim yourself, you're still part of the same risk pool. As Susman notes, "Insurance isn't priced on what you did — it's priced on what everyone around you did, too."

Inflation is one of the biggest hidden drivers of premium hikes. When the cost of labor, materials, and medical care rises, so does the cost of every claim.

A few years ago, repairing a damaged car bumper might have cost $1,000. Today, with supply chain issues and embedded technology like sensors and cameras, that same repair could cost $3,000 or more. Home reconstruction faces the same issue — materials like lumber, drywall, and copper have doubled or tripled in price since 2020.

Insurers must adjust their pricing models to reflect these realities. If they don't, they risk paying out more in claims than they collect in premiums — a guaranteed path to insolvency. Inflation doesn't just affect your grocery bill; it directly impacts every dollar an insurance company spends on claims.

Climate-related disasters are becoming both more frequent and more severe. Wildfires in California, hurricanes in Florida, floods in Texas — each event sends ripples through the global insurance market.

When insurers face multiple catastrophic losses within a short period, they must reassess their risk exposure. The costs of rebuilding entire communities or replacing thousands of vehicles after a natural disaster can reach billions of dollars. To stay solvent, insurers increase premiums not only in affected regions but often across the entire portfolio to spread the cost.

As Susman highlights, "Insurance isn't local anymore — it's global. When a hurricane hits the Gulf, it affects reinsurance rates in Europe and auto premiums in California."

Most people think of insurance companies as unshakable institutions — financially strong, tightly regulated, and always ready to pay claims. But as Karl Susman explained on Insurance Hour, even insurers can fail. While rare, the collapse of an insurance company sends shockwaves through policyholders, regulators, and the entire financial ecosystem. Understanding why this happens helps both consumers and professionals grasp the delicate balance that keeps the insurance system stable.

Let's break down the key factors behind insurer insolvency and explore what happens when the company you trust to protect your assets can no longer meet its promises.

Every insurance company is built on a simple equation: premiums in vs. claims out. The premiums collected from policyholders form a pool of funds — but that money isn't just sitting idle. Insurers invest it, manage it, and allocate portions to pay claims and operating expenses.

If the balance between incoming and outgoing money collapses — due to mispricing of risk, excessive claims, poor investments, or even fraud — solvency can be threatened. That's why regulators require insurers to maintain reserves: a legally mandated financial cushion to ensure claims can still be paid even in tough years.

However, as Susman points out, those reserves are not unlimited. Catastrophic events, like hurricanes, wildfires, or market crashes, can drain reserves faster than they can be replenished. When that happens, even large carriers can falter.

When a company begins to fail, it rarely happens overnight. The warning signs are often visible months — or even years — in advance.

Here's how the domino effect typically unfolds:

1. Underpricing Risk: To attract customers, insurers sometimes charge premiums too low to cover potential losses. Initially, this boosts sales, but when claims roll in, the math no longer works.

2. Unexpected Catastrophic Losses: Major disasters, such as hurricanes or wildfires, can trigger claims that far exceed projections. If an insurer is concentrated in one high-risk area, it might not survive the financial blow.

3. Investment Losses: Since insurers invest collected premiums, market downturns can erode their assets, reducing their ability to pay claims.

4. Reinsurance Gaps: Reinsurance — insurance for insurers — helps spread large risks. But if a company underestimates its reinsurance needs or its reinsurer defaults, it's exposed to full losses.

5. Liquidity Crisis: When claim payments exceed available cash and assets are hard to liquidat ...

Insurance isn't just a bill you pay every month — it's one of the oldest and most practical financial tools ever invented. As Karl Susman explained in Insurance Hour, the essence of insurance lies in its design: to spread risk so individuals and businesses can grow, invest, and live without fear of financial ruin from unpredictable loss.

The origins of insurance can be traced back to one simple idea — pooling resources. Imagine Abraham Lincoln's log cabin, worth $1,000. Lincoln, worried about losing his home to fire, agrees to pay $5 annually to an insurer. In return, the insurer promises to rebuild his home if it burns down. The math may sound impossible at first glance — how can $5 cover a $1,000 loss? The secret lies in scale and diversification.

Insurance companies don't rely on one person's premium. They collect small amounts from many people, creating a collective pool that can pay for large, individual losses. This shared-risk model has powered not only personal coverage but also the global economy, enabling business innovation, home ownership, and peace of mind.

Susman illustrates this elegantly — insurers don't insure every log cabin in one forest. If a single wildfire hits, they could lose everything. Instead, they diversify their policies geographically and by risk type. This reduces the chance that multiple losses will occur at once.

In modern terms, this diversification strategy applies to everything from auto insurance to cyber risk coverage. By spreading exposure, insurers protect themselves — and, by extension, policyholders — from catastrophic events that could otherwise bankrupt the system.

Insurance companies don't just stash your premium in a vault. They invest it — cautiously — to generate income. These investments are typically in safe, liquid assets like bonds, treasuries, or blue-chip stocks.

This investment income is vital. It allows insurers to keep premiums lower than they would otherwise need to be. When interest rates are high, investment returns help keep coverage affordable. But when rates are low, companies earn less on their reserves, and that loss of income often leads to higher premiums for consumers.

What's critical here is regulation. Every state in the U.S. has rules limiting where insurers can invest. They must ensure that funds are liquid and secure so that when claims arise, they can pay them — no matter what's happening in the financial markets.

One of the most fascinating topics Karl Susman covers is reinsurance — essentially, insurance for insurance companies.

Here's how it works: An insurer collects premiums from policyholders but doesn't want to carry all the risk alone. So, it "cedes" part of that risk (and part of the premium) to a reinsurer. If a massive loss occurs, both companies share the financial burden.

For example, if a company charges $5 in premium, it might keep $2.50 and pass the other $2.50 to a reinsurer. If a $1,000 loss occurs, each ...