Welcome to Season 3, episode 3, where Tiggy and James discuss survivor bias, World War Two planes and a series of escalating crimes that result in not one, but two horrific murders.

https://www.deanyeong.com/article/survivorship-bias

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8207539/

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10227322

https://www.crimeandinvestigation.co.uk/crime-files/rachel-nickell-case/investigation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Napper

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killing_of_Rachel_Nickell

https://criminalminds.fandom.com/wiki/Robert_Napper#Known_Victims

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Napper

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10216328

This case covers a domestic violence case and how a whole family can blow up at the hands of one person. Tiggy also educates James on the law of diminished responsibility.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M'Naghten_rules

https://askewslegal.co/insights/criminal-law/the-defence-of-diminished-responsibility/#:~:text=The legal defence of diminished,consideration of mental health factors.

https://www.britannica.com/science/mental-disorder

https://onlinelibrary-wiley-com.libezproxy.open.ac.uk/doi/full/10.1111/1556-4029.13789

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-essex-22879041

https://www.essexlive.news/news/essex-news/familys-heartbreak-beloved-harlow-mum-9531224

https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2340134/Mark-Golds-Let-finish--Murderer-demanded-police-let-stab-girlfriend-arrested-moments-fatal-knife-attack.html

https://www.itv.com/news/anglia/story/2013-06-12/harlow-killer-gets-life/

https://vlex.co.uk/vid/r-v-golds-792604053

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-essex-20115446

https://www.lawteacher.net/cases/r-v-golds.php

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-essex-18868258

https://supremecourt.uk/uploads/uksc_2015_0053_judgment_4d36e99af2.pdf

https://www.supremecourt.uk/cases/uksc-2015-0053

This week, Tiggy and James look into the concept of social learning theory in its very simplest terms. They next look into the background of Fred and Rose West. Note: whilst their victims are mentioned, we discuss more about their background rather than going into detail about their horrific crimes.

https://www.simplypsychology.org/bandura.html

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047235219304222

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/social-learning-theory

https://www.abc.net.au/news/2025-01-05/harold-shipman-britains-most-prolific-serial-killer/104771572

https://www.biography.com/crime/fred-west

https://restless.co.uk/leisure-and-lifestyle/art-and-culture/are-serial-killers-born-or-made/

https://www.dailymail.co.uk/tv/article-14710281/Fred-Rose-West-Rena-Catherine-Costello-wife-daughter-Netflix.html

https://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/reports/a64766442/fred-and-rose-west-children/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred_West

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rose_West

https://www.ft.com/content/9944678e-ec0e-11e9-aefb-a946d2463e4b

https://www.forbes.com/sites/monicamercuri/2025/05/16/where-is-rose-west-now-heres-whether-the-serial-killer-is-still-in-prison/

https://edition.cnn.com/2021/06/04/europe/fred-rosemary-west-murders-gbr-cmd-intl

Welcome back to Case by Concept! We kick off season three by discussing the important concept of rapport, and how it can help bring closure to many families of those with missing or deceased loved ones. Tiggy and James are up to their usual bullsh*t and gallows humour, and we look at serial killer Richard Cottingham.

Tiggy and James discover that a serious violent offence case can start within the prison walls itself. We explore the consequences for both the victim and the perpetrator of the crime and James goes on a rant in this seasons final episode.

Definition:

https://eige.europa.eu/publications-resources/thesaurus/terms/1248?language_content_entity=en

In academia:

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/372049228_Bringing_injustice_back_in_Secondary_victimization_as_epistemic_injustice

https://uorth.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/orth_2002_sjr.pdf

In a criminal case:

https://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/24/justice/woman-blamed-for-her-rape/index.html

https://www.cbsnews.com/philadelphia/news/court-oks-life-sentences-for-inmate-who-raped-prison-clerk/

https://www.pennlive.com/news/2015/12/inmate_who_raped_female_prison.html

https://www.centredaily.com/news/local/crime/article42853008.html

https://www.centredaily.com/news/local/crime/article42841938.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Correctional_Institution_–_Rockview

https://prisonjournalismproject.org/2023/08/17/violent-impact-of-light-sound-prison/#:~:text=by David Annarelli, Prison Journalism,my ears to my spine.

Photos:

https://sociologysaviour.wordpress.com/tag/secondary-victimisation/

https://centrehistory.org/article/sci-rockview/

Today we cover the very recent case regarding Matthew Coleman and his family. As always, listeners may find the details graphic. How can a conspiracy theory go too far? And at what point could this have been stopped, if at all?

Definition:

https://languages.oup.com/google-dictionary-en/

In academia:

https://philarchive.org/archive/PIGPRO#:~:text=According to Popper, the 'conspiracy,the conspiracies of the gods.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00131857.2021.1917364

https://www.britannica.com/topic/conspiracy-theory

In a criminal case:

https://www.aol.com/matthew-coleman-qanon-dad-charged-124313246.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAABFaIXNG6CBF3rkBYOq5yL_rk4ibZBeRSWv_6PME2pgVvPq10j3puigO3SJCJDRShVVSLIdkjhegrqNvzOAesM202I8esKELnCrqjh8q2sxuwA7dAvMLblPgopk4zYblJB6XFK8IYNRuvbH6Dmg19iNUjumBhHiUdtCYa_o7xFV1

https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdca/pr/santa-barbara-man-indicted-san-diego-killing-his-children-mexico

https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/21040988-matthew-taylor-coleman-fbi-docs/

https://www.vice.com/en/article/qanon-dad-killed-kids-serpent-dna/

https://www.reddit.com/r/TrueCrimeDiscussion/comments/1gpet92/on_august_9th_2021_it_is_alleged_that_matthew/

Photos:

matthew-coleman-b2106286.html

https://www.ksby.com/news/local-news/arraignment-postponed-for-santa-barbara-man-charged-with-murdering-his-children

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-08-21/qanon-the-conspiracy-web-creeping-into-u-s-politics-quicktake

This week we cover a famous case in which those involved in the story themselves travel together to discuss the implications of their case. What is the weapons focus effect, and how can it change an innocent man's life forever?

Definition:

https://www.college.police.uk/research/projects/effect-visual-distractors-weapon-focus-effect-eyewitness-memory#:~:text=One phenomenon that has been,the individual holding the weapon.

In academia:

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10545598/#:~:text=E. F.-,Loftus et al.,when he held a check.

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10545598/#CR67

In a criminal case:

https://innocenceproject.org/cases/ronald-cotton/

https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/dna/etc/script.html

https://deathpenaltyinfo.org/stories/the-perfect-witness

Photos:

https://www.kepplerspeakers.com/speakers/picking-cotton

https://www.alamy.com/ronald-cotton-right-is-shown-in-this-1984-police-photo-following-his-arrest-on-rape-charges-in-burlington-nc-cotton-was-convicted-of-the-rape-of-jennifer-thompson-in-january-1985-eleven-years-later-he-was-released-from-prison-after-dna-testing-showed-that-bobby-poole-left-pictured-in-a-1985-police-photo-actually-committed-the-crime-burlington-police-department-via-ap-image509086492.html

https://klau.nd.edu/news-events/news/jennifer-thompson-the-concentric-circles-of-harm/

This week we cover negligence and a horrific case regarding a teenagers needs not being met. Even with a phone available to the victim, she was still unable to call for help. We explore this and more in today's episode.

Definition:

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/negligence

https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/criminal negligence

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminal_negligence

https://go-legal.co.uk/reasonable-person-test-in-professional-negligence-claims/?srsltid=AfmBOopf1SYgxrNLAJLB6X2pA9CG-26WJSyXT_QOQFO4Y32ckFINpgSu

In academia:

professionalnegligenceclaimsolicitors

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35913874/

https://bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjop.12536

Negligence in a criminal case:

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/feb/01/kaylea-titford-father-admits-he-heard-daughter-screaming-the-night-before-death

https://www.itv.com/news/wales/2023-02-07/how-the-abhorrent-neglect-of-a-vulnerable-teen-was-hidden-from-the-outside-world

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killing_of_Kaylea_Titford

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2024/mar/14/kaylea-titford-had-no-care-plan-in-place-when-she-died-review-finds

Photos:

https://news.sky.com/story/amp/kaylea-titford-father-jailed-for-more-than-7-years-over-obese-daughters-manslaughter-as-mother-gets-6-years-12821352

https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/legal-rights/clinical-negligence/