Jo and Cathy meet Bailey for an introduction to Regenerative Farming and a discussion about the experimental field work he has been doing with the University of Oxford on the impact of different types of grazing management on biodiversity.

Three different scenarios - conventionally grazed pasture, mob-grazed pasture, and passive restoration (where land is left untouched) - have been monitored for all sorts of biodiversity, with Bailey’s focus on the life beneath our feet. Soil might look pretty dull, but in fact it’s alive with invertebrates, and is a vital component of ecosystems. Can listening to it provide important information on soil health? If so, what does a robust experimental method for doing that even look like? Bailey has some of the answers… and the sounds.

In this episode Cathy and Jo travel east to Poland. Join them along the way as they cross borders and head into the primaeval forests of Bialowieza and the vast marshlands of Biebrza - both complex ecosystems, alive with the sounds of mammals, birds and amphibians. The variety and abundance of species they encounter are astounding but also give them pause to reflect on what Britain has lost and why.

With thanks to Tomasz Jezierczuk of www.wildpoland.com

Jo and Cathy spend this episode with National Trust project officer and ecologist Steve Hindle on the slopes of Calderdale, in what looks like an ordinary field… but isn’t. They discuss the fascinating lives of fungi and their vital but often overlooked role in the ecosystem, not only as decomposers or parasites, but also as symbiotic partners engaged in a range of very sophisticated relationships with plants. Steve’s partner Sarah Flood scours the field for waxcaps, pinkgills, clubs, corals and earthtongues. Each has their own ecological niche, and all are indicators of ‘ancient grassland’, a rare habitat which Calderdale, with its challenging farming conditions, has managed to hold on to. Landowner Liz tells of the sometimes confusing journey her and her partner took to work out the best management options for the field, the steps they are taking to protect it, and of course, her new found passion for fungi!