Ankur Moitra, Steven Brunton and Alex Kontorovich are three mathematicians who can speak to this incredible moment in the history of mathematics, when AI solved some of its hardest problems: Navier-Stokes, the quasi-Riemann hypothesis, the unique games conjecture and hundreds of other problems. Ankur Moitra is a mathematician at MIT (visiting the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton) working in theoretical computer science, who can speak to the unique games conjecture, complexity theory and the mathematics of how AI learns. Steven Brunton is a mathematician and fluid dynamics expert at UW, who can speak to Navier-Stokes, turbulence and machine learning for fluid dynamics. Alex Kontorovich is a mathematician at Rutgers specializing in number theory, who can speak to the Riemann hypothesis, Lean and machine-checked proofs.
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Transcript:
https://lexfridman.com/math-ai-crisis-transcript

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EPISODE LINKS:
Ankur’s Website: https://people.csail.mit.edu/moitra/
Alex’s X: https://x.com/AlexKontorovich
Alex’s Website: https://sites.math.rutgers.edu/~alexk/
Steven’s X: https://x.com/eigensteve
Steven’s YouTube: https://youtube.com/@Eigensteve
Steven’s Website: https://eigensteve.com
Lean: https://lean-lang.org/

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OUTLINE:
(00:00) – Introduction
(01:58) – Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections
(09:53) – Crisis moment in mathematics
(18:10) – Will AI “solve” mathematics?
(34:21) – Can AI create new math?
(1:13:53) – Riemann hypothesis
(1:37:45) – Navier-Stokes
(2:03:42) – How nature computes
(2:12:35) – Unique Games Conjecture and complexity theory
(2:27:28) – How mathematicians think
(2:41:05) – Is math invented or discovered?
(2:47:13) – Can AI solve P vs NP?
(2:57:28) – Why LLMs work so well
(3:11:54) – Problems AI can’t solve yet
(3:16:23) – Grigori Perelman
(3:25:41) – Advice for young people

Andrew Scull is a historian of psychiatry.
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https://lexfridman.com/andrew-scull-transcript

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EPISODE LINKS:
Andrew’s Website (UCSD faculty page): https://sociology.ucsd.edu/people/faculty/emeritus/andrew-scull.html
Desperate Remedies (book): https://amzn.to/4vmBquI
Madness in Civilization (book): https://amzn.to/3SZhd0I

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OUTLINE:
(00:00) – Introduction
(01:07) – Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections
(08:10) – Crisis in Psychiatry
(37:48) – Categories of Mental Illness
(45:07) – Asylums, Eugenics, and the Nazis
(57:13) – The Ice Pick Lobotomy
(1:03:26) – Malaria “Cure” for Syphilis
(1:21:42) – Insulin Coma Therapy
(1:29:34) – Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
(1:49:03) – One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest
(2:06:35) – Freud and Psychoanalysis
(2:36:30) – WWII and Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
(2:57:04) – Antipsychotics
(3:20:24) – Antidepressants
(3:33:18) – Future of Psychiatry

PODCAST LINKS:
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DHH is the creator of Ruby on Rails, Omarchy Linux, CTO of 37signals, and a racecar driver.
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See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc.

Transcript:
https://lexfridman.com/dhh-2-transcript

CONTACT LEX:
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EPISODE LINKS:
DHH’s X: https://x.com/dhh
DHH’s Blog: https://world.hey.com/dhh
Omarchy: https://omarchy.org
Ruby on Rails: https://rubyonrails.org
37signals: https://37signals.com

SPONSORS:
To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts:
Wispr Flow: AI-powered voice dictation app.
Go to https://wisprflow.ai/lex
Blitzy: AI agent for large enterprise codebases.
Go to https://blitzy.com/lex
NetSuite: Business management software.
Go to http://netsuite.ai/lex
Shopify: Sell stuff online.
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OUTLINE:
(00:00) – Introduction
(01:14) – Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections
(08:56) – Programming with AI agents
(24:14) – How software will change
(33:30) – AI impact on open source
(43:21) – Building Omarchy Linux distro
(53:05) – Vibe coding vs agentic engineering
(1:06:06) – The end of manual programming
(1:16:24) – Advice for programmers
(1:28:31) – Surviving Internet Hate
(1:37:46) – Programming setup for AI Agents
(1:50:11) – Obsessing about speed
(2:13:06) – Voice prompting vs typing
(2:27:05) – Best AI coding models
(2:43:55) – Best AI coding harnesses
(2:56:57) – AI video generation and filmmaking
(3:16:28) – Fatherhood
(3:44:35) – Linux will win the desktop
(3:55:51) – PewDiePie
(4:05:25) – Future of programming
(4:28:18) – Politics and immigration
(4:59:55) – Longevity, over-optimization, and fear of death
(5:11:38) – Eternal recurrence and future of human civization