Épisodes

Nearly 600 Million Pounds Of Plastic Are Now Floating In Our Oceans

Dr. Richard Oppenlander 

• http://www.comfortablyunaware.com

• Book – Food Choice and Sustainability

#RichardOppenlander #ClimateChange #Environmental Activism

Dr. Oppenlander and his work have been featured in a number of documentary films including the following, in which he served as lead science consultant:

1. Cowspiracy

2. Food Choice 

3. Seaspiracy

Dr. Richard Oppenlander is a sustainability consultant, researcher, and author whose award-winning book, Comfortably Unaware has been endorsed as a must-read by Ellen DeGeneres, Dr. Jane Goodall, and Dr. Neal Barnard, among others. Dr. Oppenlander’s most recent book titled, Food Choice and Sustainability, has won numerous awards including the International Book Award for Social Change, and the Green Book Festival Award, and is being used by think tanks and strategists for developing initiatives to advance change. 

Dr. Oppenlander is a much sought-after international lecturer on the topic of food choice and how it relates to sustainability, speaking most recently to the European Parliament , and he has served as the lead consultant for full length environmental documentary films such as Cowspiracy, Food Choice, Cowspiracy, and others. He also serves as an advisor to world hunger projects in developing countries and with municipalities in the United States, receiving an honorary award from the Hawaii Senate for his pioneering work regarding their food choice-environment connection. 

Dr. Oppenlander has extensively studied the effect our food choices have on our health and the immense impact those choices have on our planet. His research has taken him to nearly every area in the United States and to numerous other countries on nearly every continent. He is president and founder of an organic plant-based food production company and education business, co-founder of an animal rescue and sanctuary (with his wife, Jill), developer of the first environment-food choice academy course of study and subsequent ambassador program, and has given hundreds of lectures, presentations, interviews, and open discussions on the topic of food choice. 

Dr. Oppenlander has been a keynote speaker within numerous festivals, conferences, and events, while presenting lectures and workshops at numerous universities and colleges. He has been a featured guest on a number of radio shows, and has contributed to numerous magazines and books. With his work, Dr. Oppenlander addresses the fact that our current choices of foods are causing Global Depletion-the loss of our land, water, food supply, biodiversity, energy resources, and our own health as well as negatively impacting climate change, and that various irreversible tipping points have been already reached. 

In compelling fashion, Dr. Oppenlander reveals serious inefficiencies and unsustainable practices in our current food production system and explores unique solutions. Along the way, Dr. Oppenlander challenges audiences with new insights regarding how this has happened, exposing our cultural, social, educational, political, and even media influences.  He is the founder and president of Inspire Awareness Now, a non-profit organization committed to education and creating change in the world as it relates to food choice and optimizing the long-term health of our planet. 

To Contact  Dr. Richard A. Oppenlander go to comfortablyunaware.com

Disclaimer:

Medical and Health information changes constantly. Therefore, the information provided in this podcast should not be considered current, complete, or exhaustive. Reliance on any information provided in this podcast is solely at your own risk.

The Real Truth About Health does not recommend or endorse any specific tests, products, procedures, or opinions referenced in the following podcasts, nor does it exercise any authority or editorial control over that material. The Real Truth About Health provides a forum for discussion of public health issues. The views and opinions of our panelists do not necessarily reflect those of The Real Truth About Health and are provided by those panelists in their individual capacities. The Real Truth About Health has not reviewed or evaluated those statements or claims. 

Do Cannabinoids Protect From Cancer?

Stephanie Seneff, PhD 

• https://people.csail.mit.edu/seneff/ 

• Book - The Glyphosate Effect: How the World’s Most Common Herbicide Is Undermining Your Health and What You Can Do About It

#StephanieSeneff #Glyphosate #GutDybiosis #AutoImmunity

Stephanie Seneff is a Senior Research Scientist at the MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory and author of the recently published book; Toxic Legacy: How the Weedkiller Glyphosate Is Destroying Our Health and the Environment.

Dr Seneff presents mounting evidence that the active ingredient in the world’s most commonly used weedkiller is contributing to skyrocketing rates of chronic disease. Glyphosate is the active ingredient in Roundup, the most commonly used weedkiller in the world. Nearly 300 million pounds of glyphosate-based herbicide are sprayed on farms—and food—every year.

Agrochemical companies claim that glyphosate is safe for humans, animals, and the environment. But emerging scientific research on glyphosate’s deadly disruption of the gut microbiome, its crippling effect on protein synthesis, and its impact on the body’s ability to use and transport sulfur—not to mention several landmark legal cases— tells a very different story.

In Toxic Legacy, senior research scientist Stephanie Seneff, PhD, delivers compelling evidence based on countless published, peer-reviewed studies—all in frank, illuminating, and always accessible language.

Throughout Toxic Legacy readers will discover:

• The uniquely toxic nature of glyphosate

• How glyphosate disrupts the microbiome, leading to gut dysbiosis, autoimmunity, neurodegeneration, and more

• Why we’re seeing a rise in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, infertility, depression, and anxiety

• Glyphosate’s role in soil degeneration, water contamination, and threats to wildlife and biodiversity

• Important nutritional guidance for conscientious consumers who want to avoid glyphosate-contaminated foods and improve their health

• Stephanie Seneff sounds the alarm on glyphosate, giving you guidance on simple, powerful changes you can make right now and essential information you need to protect your health, your family’s health, and the planet on which we all depend.

She received the B.S. degree in Biophysics,  M.S. and E.E. degrees in Electrical Engineering and a Ph.D degree in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science  all from MIT.

For over three decades, her research interests have always been at the intersection of biology and computation: developing a computational model for the human auditory system, understanding human language so as to develop algorithms and systems for human computer interactions, as well as applying natural language processing (NLP) techniques to gene predictions.

She has published over 170 refereed articles on these subjects, and has been invited to give keynote speeches at several international conferences. She has also supervised numerous Master’s and PhD theses at MIT. In 2012, Dr. Seneff was elected Fellow of the International Speech and Communication Association (ISCA).

In recent years, Dr. Seneff has focused her research interests back towards biology. She is concentrating mainly on the relationship between nutrition and health. Since 2011, she has published over two dozen papers in various medical and health-related journals on topics such as modern day diseases (e.g., Alzheimer, autism, cardiovascular diseases), analysis and search of databases of drug side effects using NLP techniques, and the impact of nutritional deficiencies and environmental toxins on human health.

To Contact Dr Stephanie Seneff go to  stephanieseneff.net

Disclaimer:

Medical and Health information changes constantly. Therefore, the information provided in this podcast should not be considered current, complete, or exhaustive. Reliance on any information provided in this podcast is solely at your own risk.

The Real Truth About Health does not recommend or endorse any specific tests, products, procedures, or opinions referenced in the following podcasts, nor does it exercise any authority or editorial control over that material. The Real Truth About Health provides a forum for discussion of public health issues. The views and opinions of our panelists do not necessarily reflect those of The Real Truth About Health and are provided by those panelists in their individual capacities. The Real Truth About Health has not reviewed or evaluated those statements or claims. 

Why We Only Hear In The Media About Climate Change, But Not The Loss Of Wild Animals

Dr. Sailesh Rao 

• http://www.ClimateHealers.org 

• Book - Carbon Yoga: The Vegan Metamorphosis 

#SaileshRao#CarbonYoga #Vegan #VeganMetamorphosis

Dr. Sailesh Rao has over three decades of professional experience and is the Founder and Executive Director of Climate Healers, a non-profit dedicated towards healing the Earth’s climate. 

A systems specialist with a Ph. D. in Electrical Engineering from Stanford University, He started his career working on the internet communications infrastructure. During this period, he blazed the trail for high-speed signal processing chips, technologies for High Definition Television, and real-time video communications.

Today, over a billion internet connections deploy the communications protocol that he designed at AT&T Bell Laboratories. He has received numerous Exceptional Contribution Awards for his technical contributions throughout his career.

He is the author of 22 peer-reviewed technical papers, 50 standards contributions, 10 US patents and 3 Canadian patents. He was the co-founder of Silicon Design Experts which was acquired by Level One Communications and which was later acquired by Intel Corporation for $2.2 billion.

In 2006, he switched careers and became deeply immersed, full time, in solving the environmental crises affecting humanity.

Dr. Rao is the author of several books, 

His most recent book Carbon Yoga: The Vegan Metamorphosis, 

Is about how we are in the midst of a monumental transformation in human civilization, akin to a metamorphosis. Just as in Nature where the caterpillar gorges excessively before forcibly undergoing a metamorphosis in the chrysalis, we over-consuming humans are reaching a point of being forcibly transformed within the cocoon of our finite planet into compassionate, life-affirming butterflies. 

Such a revolutionary change in human outlook has the added benefit of inducing spiritual awakening, resolving social justice issues, elevating our connection with all Life and improving human health and well-being. It is only such a quest for “moral singularity” that will heal the Earth, regenerate Life and lead us to true global sustainability. 

Carbon Yoga is the second in a series that began with the 2011 book, Carbon Dharma: The Occupation of Butterflies. While Carbon Dharma was mainly about what we need to do, as a species, to reach sustainability, Carbon Yoga takes this understanding of ethical and environmental righteousness (Dharma) and suggests how we can go about doing it (Yoga).

He is the Executive Producer of several documentaries, 

The Human Experiment 

Cowspiracy: The Sustainability Secret 

What The Health 

A Prayer for Compassion

They’re Trying to Kill Us 

His work is featured in the award winning film, Countdown to Year Zero produced by Jane Velez-Mitchell and Unchained TV.

To Contact Dr Sailesh Rao go to ClimateHealers.org

Disclaimer:

Medical and Health information changes constantly. Therefore, the information provided in this podcast should not be considered current, complete, or exhaustive. Reliance on any information provided in this podcast is solely at your own risk.

The Real Truth About Health does not recommend or endorse any specific tests, products, procedures, or opinions referenced in the following podcasts, nor does it exercise any authority or editorial control over that material. The Real Truth About Health provides a forum for discussion of public health issues. The views and opinions of our panelists do not necessarily reflect those of The Real Truth About Health and are provided by those panelists in their individual capacities. The Real Truth About Health has not reviewed or evaluated those statements or claims. 

Are Eating Animals Necessary For Our Health?

Charles Horn 

• Contact: linkedin.com/in/charles-horn-762a911 

• Book - Meat Logic: Why Do We Eat Animals

#CharlesHorn #Veganism #AwardWinningWriter

Charles Horn is an award-winning and Emmy-nominated writer.

Horn has authored Meat Logic: Why Do We Eat Animals, a book examining justifications for eating meat and other animal products. 

The book argues for veganism. Why do we eat animals?

Most of us think this question is absurd, but if pressed to answer we tend to provide one of a number of rationalizations. 

For example:

"Humans are omnivores."

“Every living thing eats other living things.”

"Animals don't possess human cognition."

“Humans need to eat animals to live.”

We’ve all heard these arguments before, and many others too. Maybe we’ve even used these arguments ourselves. But are they logically sound?

Or is eating animals in fact a prejudice, involving a thought process similar to the thought process behind racism and sexism? How exactly could the subject of eating animals teach us anything about prejudice and human rights? And supposing humans actually did need to eat animals to stay healthy, what can logic tell us about how we should act in such a situation?

In Meat Logic: Why Do We Eat Animals, it examines 31 categories of rationalizations for eating animals and puts them all to the test. Do our thoughts and actions stand up to rational scrutiny or not? And if our thought process is ever failing us, can this be illuminated?

Reading this book, You may never think of food the same way again.

Charles Horn was born and raised in Toronto, Ontario, He has a Ph.D. from Princeton University and holds five degrees in engineering and mathematics. 

He has written for the wildly popular Robot Chicken, Star Wars, and The Tonight Show with Jay Leno.He also has a hit animated sitcom called Fugget About It. 

He is also the author of 

• The Laugh Out Loud Guide: 

• That's Just Wrong! Versions 1, 2 and 3 (a collection of sketch comedy books)

• Meat Logic: Why Do We Eat Animals?, 2014.

To Contact Charles Horn:linkedin.com/in/charles-horn-762a911

Disclaimer:

Medical and Health information changes constantly. Therefore, the information provided in this podcast should not be considered current, complete, or exhaustive. Reliance on any information provided in this podcast is solely at your own risk.

The Real Truth About Health does not recommend or endorse any specific tests, products, procedures, or opinions referenced in the following podcasts, nor does it exercise any authority or editorial control over that material. The Real Truth About Health provides a forum for discussion of public health issues. The views and opinions of our panelists do not necessarily reflect those of The Real Truth About Health and are provided by those panelists in their individual capacities. The Real Truth About Health has not reviewed or evaluated those statements or claims. 

The Fundamental Social Injustice In The Animal Agriculture System

Dr. Sailesh Rao 

• http://www.ClimateHealers.org 

• Book - Carbon Yoga: The Vegan Metamorphosis

Dr. Oppenlander 

• http://www.comfortablyunaware.com 

• Book – Food Choice and Sustainability

GlenMerzer 

• https://www.glenmerzer.com 

• Book – Food Is Climate

#ClimateChange #ResourceDepletion #EnvironmentalDestruction

Dr. Sailesh Rao has over three decades of professional experience and is the Founder and Executive Director of Climate Healers, a non-profit dedicated towards healing the Earth’s climate. Dr. Rao is the author of several books,  His most recent book Carbon Yoga: The Vegan Metamorphosis,  Is about how we are in the midst of a monumental transformation in human civilization, akin to a metamorphosis. Just as in Nature where the caterpillar gorges excessively before forcibly undergoing a metamorphosis in the chrysalis, we over-consuming humans are reaching a point of being forcibly transformed within the cocoon of our finite planet into compassionate, life-affirming butterflies.

To Contact Dr Sailesh Raogo to ClimateHealers.org

Dr. Richard Oppenlander is a sustainability consultant, researcher, and author whose book, “Comfortably Unaware“, has been endorsed as a “must read” by Ellen DeGeneres, Dr. Jane Goodall, and Dr. Neal Barnard, among many others. Dr. Oppenlander is a much sought after international lecturer on the topic of food choice and how it relates to sustainability, speaking most recently to the European Parliament, and served as the lead consultant for two full-length environmental documentary films. He also serves as an advisor to world hunger projects in developing countries and with municipalities in the United States, receiving an honorary award from the Hawaii Senate for his pioneering work regarding their food choice-environment connection.

To Contact Dr Oppenlander go to  ComfortablyUnaware.com

Glen Merzer is a playwright, screenwriter, and author of the book Food is Climate. 

Food Is Climate: A Response to Al Gore, Bill Gates, Paul Hawken, and the Conventional Narrative on Climate Change. The Climate Emergency threatens civilization. All life forms on the planet depend now on humanity to undo the harm it has done. Unfortunately, those who have been leading the charge to address climate change, such as Al Gore, have not been telling us the whole truth. They have continued to ignore its leading cause. 

To Contact Glen Merzer go to Glen Merzer https://www.glenmerzer.com

Disclaimer:

Medical and Health information changes constantly. Therefore, the information provided in this podcast should not be considered current, complete, or exhaustive. Reliance on any information provided in this podcast is solely at your own risk.

The Real Truth About Health does not recommend or endorse any specific tests, products, procedures, or opinions referenced in the following podcasts, nor does it exercise any authority or editorial control over that material. The Real Truth About Health provides a forum for discussion of public health issues. The views and opinions of our panelists do not necessarily reflect those of The Real Truth About Health and are provided by those panelists in their individual capacities. The Real Truth About Health has not reviewed or evaluated those statements or claims. 

The Importance Of Diet When It Comes To Viral Infections

John A. McDougall, MD 

• http://www.drmcdougall.com

• Book - The Starch Solution: Eat the Foods You Love, Regain Your Health, and Lose the Weight for Good!

#JohnMcDougall #Starch #StarchDiet  #ChronicDisease

Dr John McDougall, MD, is a physician, speaker, and best-selling author who teaches the importance of a whole food, starch-based diet in order to halt, reverse and heal chronic disease.

His book The Starch Solution: Eat the Foods You Love, Regain Your Health, and Lose the Weight for Good! Is a book that allows you to pick up that bread! This doctor-approved method lets you keep the carbs and lose the pounds!

“The Starch Solution is one of the most important books ever written on healthy eating.”—John P. Mackey, co-CEO and director of Whole Foods Market, Inc.

Fear of the almighty carb has taken over the diet industry for the past few decades—from Atkins to Dukan—even the mere mention of a starch-heavy food is enough to trigger an avalanche of shame and longing. But the truth is, carbs are not the enemy!

Bestselling author John A. McDougall and his kitchen-savvy wife, Mary, prove that a starch-rich diet can actually help you attain your weight loss goals, prevent a variety of ills, and even cure common diseases. By fueling your body primarily with carbohydrates rather than proteins and fats, you will feel satisfied, boost energy, and look and feel your best.

Based on the latest scientific research, this easy-to-follow plan teaches you what to eat and what to avoid, how to make healthy swaps for your favorite foods, and smart choices when dining out. Including a 7-Day Sure-Start Plan, helpful weekly menu planner, and nearly 100 delicious, affordable recipes, The Starch Solution is a groundbreaking program that will help you shed pounds, improve your health, save money, and change your life.

Lose weight, prevent a variety of ills, and even cure common diseases. By fueling your body primarily with carbohydrates rather than proteins and fats, you will feel satisfied, boost energy, and look and feel your best.

Dr. McDougall is co-founder of the McDougall Program alongside his wife, Mary McDougall – the original whole-food plant-based vegan and creator of thousands of low fat, oil-free, vegan recipes. 

The McDougall Program is a leading medical program that heals chronic illness through professional medical care, world-class education, and ongoing support for people transitioning to a starch-based lifestyle. : The program is a ten-day residential program that he and Mary McDougall host at a luxury resort in Santa Rosa, CA where medical miracles occur through diet and lifestyle changes.

The McDougall Program has helped thousands of people get off unnecessary medications; reverse and heal serious health problems such as diabetes and high blood pressure; reduce their risk for cancer, arthritis and heart disease; learn why they’re sick and how to get well. This program has been healing people from all over the world for over 35 years.

The McDougall Program centers on a diet of 90% starchy plant foods such as potatoes, beans, corn, rice and includes whole grains and whole-grain products (such as pasta, tortillas, and whole-grain bread), and 10% of a wide assortment of vegetables and fruit.

John McDougall, MD is the author of 13 national best-sellers books on Amazon, He is a clinical instructor for four medical schools in the United States He is a recipient of the Lifetime Achievement Award from the American College of Lifestyle Medicine.

To Contact Dr McDougall go to DrMcdougall.com

Disclaimer:

Medical and Health information changes constantly. Therefore, the information provided in this podcast should not be considered current, complete, or exhaustive. Reliance on any information provided in this podcast is solely at your own risk.

The Real Truth About Health does not recommend or endorse any specific tests, products, procedures, or opinions referenced in the following podcasts, nor does it exercise any authority or editorial control over that material. The Real Truth About Health provides a forum for discussion of public health issues. The views and opinions of our panelists do not necessarily reflect those of The Real Truth About Health and are provided by those panelists in their individual capacities. The Real Truth About Health has not reviewed or evaluated those statements or claims. 

The #1 Cause Of Cancer Today Is Being Overweight

Dr Jonathan Stegall MD 

• http://www.cancersecrets.com 

• Book – Cancer Secrets 

#JonathanStegall#Cancer #IntegrativeOncology

Dr Jonathan Stegall MD is a medical Integrative Oncology doctor and a bestselling author of Cancer Secrets and host of an award-winning podcast, The Cancer Secrets Podcast.

His book Cancer Secrets is a much-needed resource for cancer patients and their families, with vital information on evidenced-based treatments from both modern medicine and alternative medicine

This book is about Cancer being the second leading cause of death in the United States, and will soon overtake heart disease as the #1 killer. This year alone in the United States, there will be 1.7 million new cancer cases, and over 600,000 cancer deaths. The lifetime risk of developing cancer is now 1 in 3 people, and is quickly approaching 1 in 2. Despite billions of dollars devoted to cancer research, we are no closer to a cure. Sadly, we are losing the war on cancer. Patients diagnosed with cancer, as well as their family and friends, are left with a difficult decision: do I follow the standard of care, consisting of chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery, or do I seek alternative treatments on my own? Do I listen to my doctor, or do I follow advice from the internet? Who do I listen to? Who can I trust? Until now, cancer patients and their families did not have a reliable resource for optimally treating cancer. In this breakthrough book, Cancer Secrets, you will learn critical information about what cancer is (and is not) and how to best treat it using the best that both modern medicine and alternative medicine have to offer. 

Integrative oncologist, Jonathan Stegall, MD, provides a long-awaited and much-needed remedy for our cancer problem. Dr. Stegall has a successful integrative oncology practice in Atlanta, GA, and has seen first hand what works and what doesn't when it comes to cancer treatment. This book is a "must have" if you or a loved one is fighting cancer!

Dr. Stegall believes that there are many potentially valuable therapies which are not (yet) part of the conventional standard of care. All of these therapies have a scientific study suggesting their mechanism of action and potential therapeutic benefit. These therapies include, but are not limited to, local hyperthermia, sono-photodynamic therapy, lymphatic drainage therapy, nutrition, supplementation, and stress reduction therapy. These therapies, which are all considered natural approaches, make sense to incorporate as well.

He earned his bachelor’s degree at Clemson University and master’s degree in physiology from Georgetown University. He earned his medical degree at the University of South Carolina.

After medical school he did his internal medicine residency through the Yale University School of Medicine, with clinical training at Greenwich Hospital in Greenwich, Conn., as well a Yale New Haven Hospital in New Haven, Conn. Then completed his fellowship in Integrative Oncology through the Metabolic Medical Institute, affiliated with the University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine.

He holds membership in several organizations, including the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), the Society for Integrative Oncology (SIO), and the International Organization of Integrative Cancer Physicians (IOICP).

The Center for Advanced Medicine is transforming how cancer is treated. I am very proud of the transformative work we do, and the powerful difference we make in the lives of our patients. I run my practice in a way that is consistent with my Christian faith, based on love. My team and I love what we do, and we love the patients we treat. He is married and has two sons and a daughter.

To Contact Dr Jonathan Stegall, M.D. go to   cancersecrets.com

Disclaimer:

Medical and Health information changes constantly. Therefore, the information provided in this podcast should not be considered current, complete, or exhaustive. Reliance on any information provided in this podcast is solely at your own risk.

The Real Truth About Health does not recommend or endorse any specific tests, products, procedures, or opinions referenced in the following podcasts, nor does it exercise any authority or editorial control over that material. The Real Truth About Health provides a forum for discussion of public health issues. The views and opinions of our panelists do not necessarily reflect those of The Real Truth About Health and are provided by those panelists in their individual capacities. The Real Truth About Health has not reviewed or evaluated those statements or claims. 

Chemicals Are Known Hormone Disruptors

Joanna Malaczynski-Moore 

• http://www. JoannaMoore.com 

• Book – Silent Winter

#JoannaMalaczynskiMoore#ToxicChemicals #SustainableWorld

Joanna Malaczynski-Moore is sustainability entrepreneur, consultant, advocate, attorney and acclaimed author to the book Silent Winter and upcoming book Another Way: Navigating toward positive change.

Silent Winter Our Chemical World and Chronic Illness is about the silent spread of toxic chemicals in our daily lives and their role in the growing prevalence of illnesses such as cancer, chronic fatigue, diabetes, asthma digestive issues, depression, dementia, and others. The scientific evidence about chronic illness and toxic chemicals is withheld from us through stunningly elaborate efforts so that business can continue as usual.

Another Way: Navigating toward positive change is currently available as an online course based on the forth coming book. It is How To guide toward anyone going through a life transition or trying to change our world.

Joanna has intimate familiarity with the world creating positive changes towards achieving sustainability.

Her message is that whether the world moves toward sustainability has little to do with how much experience, technology or money we throw at the problem. But rather has everything to do with our own psychology.

How we personally navigate and approach the world will have everything to do with whether we end up thriving or end up disappointing ourselves, the world, and each other.

Joanna Malaczynski Moore through her writing is dedicated to helping others catalyze positive change and create a more sustainable world.

To Contact Joanna Malaczynski-Moore   Go toJoannaMoore.com

Disclaimer:

Medical and Health information changes constantly. Therefore, the information provided in this podcast should not be considered current, complete, or exhaustive. Reliance on any information provided in this podcast is solely at your own risk.

The Real Truth About Health does not recommend or endorse any specific tests, products, procedures, or opinions referenced in the following podcasts, nor does it exercise any authority or editorial control over that material. The Real Truth About Health provides a forum for discussion of public health issues. The views and opinions of our panelists do not necessarily reflect those of The Real Truth About Health and are provided by those panelists in their individual capacities. The Real Truth About Health has not reviewed or evaluated those statements or claims.